�� Syntax Literate : Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia � ISSN : 2541-0849

�� e-ISSN : 2548-1398

�� Vol. 2, No 12 Desember 2017

MIXING JAVANESE, INDONESIAN AND ENGLISH AS COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN THE GRAPHIC NOVEL ��MY STUPID BOSS�

¹Lisa Armelia dan ²Yunda Kufita Rosydana Rosyadi

Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

¹[email protected] dan ²[email protected]

Abstract

Using local[vernacular], national [official] and international languages [lingua franca] at the same context is not a brand new thing for citizen of the world, especially southeast asian communities. In Indonesia alone, there are more than 600 languages used by the people from Aceh to Irian Jaya. Many people in Indonesia and the neighbours, like Malaysia and Singapore are familiar with the concept of mixing several languages or switching from local language to national or even international language such as English from time to time. Nevertheless, the reasons behind the use of code mixing and code switchng are not always clear since some people use them as part of communication strategies. Therefore, it takes an in-depth analysis to reveal the real intentions of speakers in using code mixing and code switching. This study aims to investigate, describe and classify the purpose of using local, national and international languages in the specific setting; working environment. The data are taken from the graphic novel�My Stupid Boss� (2016). The result of the study shows that the motivations and purposes in using code mixing and code switching are commonly triggered by the proud of ethnicity and at the same time surprisingly� driven by power domination in the working environment.

Keywords: communication strategy, code mixing, code switching

Background of the Research

Language and its use in the society is a challenging, complicated matter and sometimes it is not easy to interpret or identify the functions of language use in different contexts, for instance; different cultural background of community and society. Different community and society form different function on the language use based on their way of thinking as well as customs and traditions. In many cases, language can be interpreted as a tool to convey something that occurred in the heart. Therefore, language is one of various ways that human use for social interaction, conveying ideas or feelings and communicate individually or groups. Some people misinterpret the motivation and purpose of interaction in using code mixing and code switching due to this factor.

Nowadays, in the globalisaton era; where genuine identity or specification in culture is even harder to recognize, multiculturalism has taken over the role of nationality and ethnicity since there is no longer boundaries and clear identity on people�social and cultural background. Everything is mixed, blended and purity is a rare thing to discover. This situation has created multilingualism, especially in big cities where societies are based on the form of pluralism. People are unconsciously or consciously able to grasp the concept of more than one language, whether it is for business, education or other social matters. However, there are still many people who have negative point of view towards the use of code mixing and code switching due to their lack of knowledge about the purpose and motivation of interaction in using them.

Regards to the current trend in globalisation era which involves the intensive use of code switching and code mixing, the researcher still finds in her own campus (University of Muhammadiyah Tangerang) especially English department students who have negative arguments towards code mixing between Indonesian and English, mostly because they do not know the purpose of interaction by using code mixing and code switching. It is a challenging situation for the researcher to point out the positive effect of using code mixing and code switching towards this group through data analysis taken from graphic novel �My Stupid Boss� (2016).

FINDING AND DATA ANALYSIS

Data 1

Before interviewing�

Adrian�� : Dik Sikin semalam kemane? I call you tapi you tak answer�

�� (Sist� Sikin where did you go last night? I called you but you did not answer�)

Sikin�� : Tak kemane� kenape?

�� (Did not go anywhere� why?)

Adrian�� : Tak ape� kalau jodoh memang tak kemane..

�� (Nothing� when you are meant to be, you do not go anywhere...)

A. Lexical-morphological features

Intra-sentential code mixing

The occurence of code mixing here within a phrase, a clause, or a sentence boundary, as a Spanish-English bilingual says: �I started going like this. Y luego decla (and then he said), look at the smoke coming out my fingers.� In this context, Adrian is trying to seduce his female colleague; Sikin and Adrian seduces Sikin by mixing Malay expression �Dik Sikin semalam kemane? with English expression and insertion of Malay word connector �tapi�� and negation word in Malay �tak� as following:� I call you tapi you tak answer.�

B. Purpose and Motivation of Interaction

Based on the aspect of the function or purpose of interaction to express feeling of solidarity and proud of ethnics, in this context, both Sikin and Adrian are Malaysian, so they speak in their own language.This code mixing also shos us the intimacy between the speakers because they are both Malaysian and thay are proud of their nationalities.�

Data 2

A. Lexical-Morphological Features

Intra-sentential code mixing

�� The occurence of code mixing here within a phrase, a clause, or a sentence boundary. In here, it is showed by sentence non standard Malay to International language English, In Non-Standard Malay, it is common for people to mix English words with Malay words as we can see in the following excerpts of the dialogue in specific context when the Bossman is interviewing people to be recruited as his staff. He said things which is impolite and really offensive for the interviewee. As a rsult, these interviewees get mad at him and insult him back with code mixing.

First Interviewee (to Bossman): �Hello!! You otak tak centre kah?! You panggil I apa tadi?? Babon pun lagi pandai dari you!! � Tu mangkuk berayun bangkit tido kena hantam bini mungkin!! Riddiculous la!! Setan pun takkan sanggup deal ngan die!! You two!! Good luck! (Your brain is not centre, isn�t it? What did you call me just now?? Even Baboon is smarter than you!! � That jerk got a hit by the wife probably!! Ridiculous!! Even devil could not deal with him!!)

(To the other interviewee: You two!! Good luck!!)

Sikin, one of the staff calls the next interviewee: Miss Patricia� sila masuk.

(Miss Patricia� please come in.)......

Setelah beberapa saat (After a while)

Miss Patricia (to Bossman): Dasar strees!! You bilang I cuma bisa dagang bakpao?? - You pikir you siapa?? Donald Trump? You punya kepala mirip, tapi kantor you macam sarang tikus.(Lunatic!! You said I can only sell bakpao?? � Who do you think you are?? Donald Trump? Your head looks like his, but your office like rat ditch.)

B. Purpose and Motivation of Interaction

Based on the aspect of the function or purpose of interaction the use of code mixing and code switching in this context is to express feeling of anger and annoyance because Bossman treated them (the interviewee) impolitely and they found his action offensive. So, the interviewee mix their language from non standard Malay to International language English to show Bossmann their anger towards him.

Data 3

A. Lexical-Morphological Features

�Intra-lexical code mixing

The occurence of code mixing here within a phrase, a clause, or a sentence boundary, as a Spanish-English bilingual says: �I started going like this. Y luego decla (and then he said), look at the smoke coming out my fingers. � Here the speaker (Bossman) uses the mix of �Non-standard Malay, Javenese and International language �English in one sentence. This code mixing is common in daily conversation in Malaysia. However, if you are a leader or Boss and you speak to your Malay staff, you should not speak in the language which they do not understand. In this situation Bossman complains about his staff tardiness in working hour. He grumbled in Bahasa Indonesia and mix the expression with Javanese expletive �Srondol� which means a mess. And then Bossman also mix the sentence structure of Indonesia with Betawi Vernacular in the sentence �gini aja gak tau� (how come you don�t know this). In this dialogue, we can see how Bossman insert the word �Srondol� and mix the sentence structure of Bahasa Indonesia with the words from Betawi Vernacular.

After interviewing two candidates for the position of head of administration in his office, Mr. Bossman gets out of his room and talks to Sikin (Malaysian Staff), one of his staff about employee�s working hour.

Boss man�� : Sikiin�! Ini gimana kok si Adrian absen keluar jam 5 pas banget? Apa-apaan ini?�� Srondol bener tu orang!!

�� (Sikiin..! How come Adrian left work at 5 sharp? What is this? What a mess!!)

Sikin�� : Adooy�salah makan apa mak aku hari ini�

�� (Ooopss� What have I done to deserve this?)

Boss man�� : Ini gak bener ini! Kamu tau artinya apa?!

�� (This is not right, do you know what it means?!)

Sikin�� : Entah.

�� (Don�t know.)

Boss man�� : Makanya� makan itu makanan bergizi doooooong.. jangan roti canai tiap hari! Gini aja gak tau! Ini artinya sebelum jam 5 kan dia udah berhenti kerja! Potong gajinya satu jam!!... Kenapa lagi Azhari telat 2 menit?! Apalagi alesannya kali ini?... Potong aja gajinya 2 jam! Pokoknya telat 1 menit potong 1 jam! Gitu aja!

�� (That�s why you must eat nutritious food. Don�t eat Canai bread every day! How come you don�t know this! It means that before 5 p.m he has stopped working! Just cut his salary for one hour!!... And what about this Azhari late for 2 minute?! What is his reason this time?... Just cut his salary for 2 hours! The point is 1 minute�s late cut for 1 hour! That�s it!)

Sikin�� : Saye tak paham boss ini cakap ape..? saya tahu �potong gaji� je� tadi tu ayat ape ye�

�� (I don�t understand what you said..? I know what �cutting salary� is� what rules you said just now�)

The following code mixing is a kind of word insertion. �Sikiin�! Ini gimana kok si Adrian absen keluar jam 5 pas banget? Apa-apaan ini? Srondol bener tu orang!!� As a whole, this sentence uses the structure of Informal Bahasa Indonesia or Betawi Vernacular with the Javanese word insertion �Srondol� (what a mess!).

The other code mixing also can be seen from the insertion-clause: Gini aja gak tau! This is the nonformal Indonesian or Betawi Vernacular mix with the formal Bahasa Indonesia.

B. Purpose and Motivation of interaction

Since the setting is between staffs Adrian and Sikin, both Malaysian, so they talk in a more relaxed mode and mix between the International language English and non standard Malay language to show the social status which is equal and both are Malaysian citizen.

Also includes to "ethnic identity".

The use of code switching is to add emphasis and describing facts that Bossman is the boss and he can speak English

His aim in using this kind of code mixing to express his authority, power domination toward his staff. From these statements, the researcher concludes that the use of code mixing in this context shows power domination in the working environment or in other word as the impact of �authority�.

Data 4

A. Lexical-Morphological Features

Intra-lexical code mixing

�� The occurence of code mixing here within a phrase, a clause, or a sentence boundary, as a Indonesian-English bilingual says: �Aku sedang on the way. Kamu dimana, Darling?� Here the speaker (Adrian), Mr. Bossman uses the mix of non standard Malay and Indonesian in his one-way communication strategy where the Bossman and Diana the only people who understand the speech. This code mixing is breaking the basic rules of communication, to make your lstener understand and get your message successfully. The staff are in the office complaining about what the Bossman said but they pretend to understand while whispering to each other..

The Excerpt:

Boss man�� : Saya akan kenalin kamu sama pegawai-pegawai disini. Perusahaan ini berskala Internasional, jadi kamu harus bisa menghandle mereka secara professional.

�� Hey Raj! Udah berapa bulan you gak mandi?? Penampilan you bleketek banget kayak tikus kecebur got! Tempe bener kamu!

�� Nanti kamu harus ingetin Samir terus buat mandi, tapi mandi dirumah! Jangan dikantor! Air mahal!

�� (I will introduce you to my staff here. This company is International, so you have to handle them professionally. Hey Raj! How many months have you not taken the shower?? You look like a rat, disgusting! You stupid! - (To Kerani) Later you have to remind me abou Samir taking shower at home, not here! The water is expensive!)

Diana�� : He? Itu termasuk job desk saya juga?

�� (What? That includes my job description too?)

Boss man�� : Ini Diana kepala kerani kita yang baru. Sekarang dia yang bertanggung jawab terhadap semua pekerjaan kalian! Termasuk mengawasi jalannya produksi!

�� (This is Diana, our new head of administration. Now, she is in charge to all your job! Including supervising production process!)

Employee 1�� : Kita ngangguk-ngangguk aja biar disangka ngerti.

�� (Just nod our head so he thinks we understand.)

Employee 2�� : Iya iya�

�� (Yes yes�)

Employee 3�� : Boss ngomong apa sih

�� (What did the Boss said)

Employee 4�� : Entah, I tak pernah ngerti dia ngomong apa?!

�� (Don�t know. I never understand what his said?!)

In this context, Bossman mixes Indonesian,� Malay non-standard in front of his multi-ethnics staff who mostly do not understand the information that the Bossman wants to deliver to them. So, this is basically a failure in communication strategy but the writer suspects that the Bossman does this with hidden motive as it is explained in the purpose of interaction.

B. Purpose of Interaction

To add authority or power domination as well as to express social distance and assert his social status. To be honest, a boss should speak in the lingua franca in front of his multi-ethnics staff in Malaysia where some of the staff are Chinese descendant, Korean and others are Indian and Malay. When Bossman speaks in Bahasa Indonesia to inform somthing to the staff he should speak in English to make his statement clear and easy to understand so that the message is delivered smoothly by the staff. However, bossman didn't do that. Instead, he keeps talkung in his national language Indonesia (maybe as a way to push his staff to learn Bahasa Indonesia). From this situation it can be concluded that Bossman does intentionally break the basic rules of communication (speak in English as lingua franca) to show to his staff about his higher social status as a boss with power domination� and put the bossman a part as well as giving social distance between hin and his staff.

�As society agrees on the purpose of communication to make the message delivered successfully, we can see here how the use of code mixing by Bossman is a big failure. However, the writer suspects Bossman� has hidden motive by using code mixing of Indonesian and non standard Malay towards his multi-ethnics staff (the staff are from India, China, Korea who do not speak Indonesian and Malay) is a strategy or a way to push the staff learn Indonesian and Malay. Some of the staff are not native Indonesian or Malaysian, so they have lack of interest and motivation to learn these languages. The Bossman realizes this situation and tries to use his power domination in order to push the workers to learn his native language and Malay. He thought that with his power as Boss he can change the workers� attitude towards languages like the use of Indonesian and Malaysian. In contrary, the workers and staff do not really care and they just pretend that they understand what the Bossman said to avoid conflict and problems in the office. In the end, the staff and workers just do the things they need to do and do not pay attention to Bossman� statements. So, th use of code mixing here also as a tactic or strategy to boost workers motivation to learn Bossmn�s native language and Malaysian.

Data 5

A. lexical-morphological feature

Intrasentential code mixing from standard Indonesian to non standard Indonesian mix with insertion of Javanese particle "kok" and Javanese negation �nggak�.

At the Factory�

Boss man�� : Keraniiiii!! Ini gimana sih?? Kok internet mati??!! Saya kan perlu ngirim email ke client!!

�� (Kerani!! What is this?? How come the internet off??!! I need to send email to client!!)

Diana�� : Udah 4 hari diputus blom bayar, saya udah kasih tau dari satu bulan lalu, terus tagihannya saya taro di meja bapak. Waktu itu bapak iya iya aja�

�� (It�s been off for four days, because of the late bill, I have told you a month ago, then I put the bill on your desk. You said yess�.)

Boss man�� : Gak adaaaa�! Manaaa?? Gak ada yang lapor sama saya!! Kapan? Ayo kapan kamu lapornya?? Ada saksinya, gak??

�� (No�..! Where?? Nobody reported to me!! When? When did you report it?? Do you have any witness??)

B. Purpose of Interaction

To show ethnic identity marker (Boss and Kerani are Indonesian.. They can communicate in standard and non standard Indonesia or even Javanese vernacular without causing misunderstanding )� this code mixing use by Bossman also a way to add emphasis on his statement that he stated the truth during the argument with Diana, his head of administration.

Data 6

A. Lexical-morphological feature

Inter-sentential code mixing where the words of English and German are found in the middle of Malay sentences.like �Ini aircon (English) ruangan sudah kaput(German) laah. You arus beli baru.� Malay non standard mixes a lot of words from English and other European languge as borrowing words.

The staff are in the office, they�re complaining about the broken air-conditioner.

Diana�� : Don�t ask! Kalo kita punya sesuatu yang baik untuk perusahaan mendingan diem aja. Soalnya dia selalu curiga dengan semua kebaikan kita. Dia mikirnya, apapun saran lo, lo mau tilep duit dia.

�� (If we have something good for the company just keep silent. Because, he is suspicious with our motives. He thinks that whatever we suggest it�s only a tricks to steal his money.)

Mr. Kho�� : Ini aircon ruangan sudah kaput laah. You arus beli baru. Lagi pula ini aircon lah tua sangat.

�� (This air-conditioner is broken. You must buy the new one. And this is really old.)

Azhari�� : Jangan harap lah Mr. Kho.. Air minum pun Boss tak nak bagi�

�� (Don�t get your hope too high. Even pure water he doesn�t want to share�)

Boss man�� : Kamu, Azhari, diam. Mr. Kho air kaput? Rusak maksudnya? Aaaah�, suruh aja si Bedul benerin.

�� (You Azhari, Shut up. Mr. Kho air-conditioner kaput? You mean broken? Aaaah�, just ask Bedul to fix it.)

Mr. Kho�� : I don�t understand.

Boss man�� : Don�t worry, Bedul can fix it. What is the justification in buying a new air conditioner if you still can fix it??

Mr. Kho�� : Cannot lah, ini sudah tua sangat.

�� (Cannot, it�s too old.)

Boss man�� : Setua Mr. Kho kah?

�� (As older as Mr. Kho?)

Adrian�� : Kalau Boss tak mau keluar duit banyak, Boss beli yang masih baru, Tapi secondhand je. Saya tau tempat yang murah.

�� (If you don�t want to spend a lot of money, just buy the second one. I know where to buy it.)

Boss man�� : Memangnya yang jual AC tu sodara kamu?

�� (Who sells the air-conditioner, your brother?)

Adrian�� : He?

�� (Huh?)

Boss man�� : Punyanya kakak? Apa adik? Sepupu? Ipar?? Nenek??Kakek?? Dikasih komisi berapa?

B. Purpose of Interaction

To express feeling of annoyance and frustration towards their stingy Bossman while they are gathering in a room with broken Air Conditioner (AC) . This code mixing and code switching have also functions as solidarity between different ethnics.� The majority ethnics in Malaysia is Melayu, so the staff use Malay language with some code mixing here.

Data 7

A. Lexical-Morphological Feature

�Intrasentential and intra lexical code mixing for the word �aturable�

There are two types of code mixing found in the excerpt of the dialogue� in this context and data number 7. �They are as following: (1)Intra-sentential code mixing The occurence of code mixing here within a phrase, a clause, or a sentence boundary, as a Spanish-English bilingual says: �I started going like this. Y luego decla (and then he said), look at the smoke coming out my fingers. In this data, the staff of custom office and Bossman communicate using standard Malay and non standard Malay since the situation is a bit relax and casual while having lunch in the a fancy restaurant. The sentence like �Order kita belum datang lagi� adalah standard Malay,� while the sentence �Awak ni siapa ye? Owner restaurant kah?� shos a casual setting and non standard Malay.

�� The second type of code mixing is (2) Lexical code mixing.� This kind of code mixing occurs within a word boundary, such as in the word �Shopp� (from English word �shop� with the Punjabi plural ending) or �kuenjoy� (from English word �enjoy� with the Swahili prefix �ku� meaning �to�). In this context, the researcher found the lexical code mixing of the word �aturable� which rooted from Indonesian and Malay word �atur� (manage) and mix with English suffix �able� . Aturable is Bossman�s word to say �manageable�.

Meeting at the Restaurant with the people he does not know or stranger.

Boss man�� : Selamat siang tuan-tuan! Boleh duduk? Terima kasih. � Apa kabar semuanya? Bagaimana makanannya? Sedap kan!!

�� (Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen! May I sit here? Thank you. � How are you all? How is the lunch? Delicious isn�t it!!)

Man 1�� : Order kita belum datang lagi.

�� (Our order hasn�t come yet.)

Boss man�� : Ooh? Hahaha� tidak apa! Saya akan bayar! Tenang sajaaaa�

�� (Ooh? Hahaha� it�s okay! I�ll pay! Don�t worry�)

Man 2�� : Awak ni� Siapa ye? Owner restaurant kah?

�� (Who are you anyway? Owner of the restaurant?)

Boss man�� : Hah? Bukan! Bukan! Saya ini Bisnisman. Bisnis saya kelas Internasional! Saya punya bisnis di Hongkong, Singapore, Inggris, Perancis.. Kebetulan saya berjumpa tuan-tuan disini� jadi maksud saya� sebenarnya saya sanggup laaah� bayar pajak� Tapi kalau ada jalan lain kenapa saya harus bayar hahaha� - Ayo dimakan dulu sila sila� - Wah makanannya banyak yaa.. enak lho disini makanannya� restaurant termahaaaal� Tapi makannya banyak sekali yaaaa..? Ya� ya� ya�? Hahahhaa� - (To Diana) Kamu cari apa sih?

�� (Huh? No! No! I�m a businessman International! I have a bussines in Hongkong, Singapore, UK, France.. It is a coincidence I meet you here� so, what I mean� actually, I can afford it� paying tax� but if there is another way to avoid it why should I pay? Hahaha. � C�mon please eat�. Waw� a lot of food here�It�s delicious� the most prestigious restaurant� but, the a lot of food..? Yes�. yes� yes�? Hahahaha� - (To Diana) What are you looking for?)

Diana�� : Cari selamet�

�� (To safe myself from disgraceful�)

Boss man�� : Hah? Oohh hahaha� maaf tuan-tuan. Dia ini memang suka aneh begini� pernah geger otak waktu kecil hahaha�

�� (Huh? Oohhhahaha� I�m sorry gentlemen. She is weird like this� She has suffered from brain damage when she was a kid hahaahha�)

Woman�� : Istri you ke?

�� (Is she your wife?)

Boss man�� : Bukan! Bukan! (Say together with Diana)

�� (No! No!)

Boss man�� : Gimana es kopinya?? Enak kaaann?? � Eeeeehhh�, biar saya yang bayar!! Ini tidak seberapaaa, kecil laaah buat saya hahaha�

�� (How is the ice coffee?? Is it any good?? � Eeeeehhh�, let me pay!! It costs me nothing hahahah�.)

Man 4�� : Apa hal awak membayar ini? Kita makan sini kita akan bayar. Kita tak nak awak membayar. Kita tak tau pun awak ni siape? Nak ape?

�� (Why do you have to pay? We eat here so we will pay. We don�t want you to pay. We don�t know who you are? What do you want?)

Boss man�� : Tidak apa! Saya boleh bayar hahaha� yang penting tuan-tuan puas hati. Nanti saya nak atur meeting dengan tuan-tuan boleh kah? Pasal saya punya cost cukai import, hehehehe�

�� (It�s okay! I can pay hahaha� what matter is you feel satisfied. I will arrange later a meeting with you gentlemen, may I? It�s about my custom for import bussinesheheheehe�.)

Man 4�� : Kita takbenarkanhal-halmacamni, Encik, takbolehitu. KenaikutUndang-Undang.

�� (We are not allowed to do that kind of thing here. It�s forbidden. We have to obey the law.)

Boss man�� : Loh boleeeh.. semua boleh diatuuuurrr� aturableee.. aturableee�

�� Sayaberharapsayabolehbertemudengantuan-tuanlagi, hahaha

�� (It can be done.. everything runs well with money� fixable�fixable� I hope I can see you again gentlemen, hahahaha)

Waiter�� : Encik, maaf ye, kad encik tak boleh pakai, kena reject.

�� (Excuse me, Sir, your credit card is rejected.)

Boss man�� : Hah? Reject? Kenapa?

�� (Huh? Reject? Why?)

Waiter�� : Saya tak taulah.., Encik, maaf, notice di card reader kata card is rejected. Itu sahaja.

�� (I don�t know Sir.., I�m sorry the notice on the card reader said the card is rejected. That�s all.)

Boss man�� : Lho? Kenapa, ya? Kartu kredit saya kenapa ya, ker� - Loh kerani? Kamu dimana?!!!

�� (How come? What is wrong with my credit card, Ker� - Kerani? Where are you?!!!)

B. Purpose Of Interaction And Motivation

While Bossman uses standard and non standard Indonesian talking to his staff in a meeting and he also inserts some javanese vernacular particle, when it comes to meet Malaysian authorities like custom officer, he loses his gut and sets his language into standar Malay and non standard Malay. .The setting is at the fancy restaurant where Bossman and Diana, his assistant are waiting to interrupt the lunch meeting of Malaysian custom officers. Bossman doesn"t know the authority but he wants to get a cut or tax amnesty for his company, so this is his way of lobbying. He intends to bribe the authority and pay for their lunch.The staff in the office are talking about their boss by mixing Malay and inserting German word "kaput" to refer to broken AC. The utterances are mixed Malay non standard and standard Malay.

It is clear here that Bossman has less power when it comes to custom and tax comparing to the custom officers. He needs to adjust his way of speaking in front of this authority so he can win their heart and losing the obligation to pay exoebsive tax. Here he speaks using non standard Malay and International language English with no inserting of Javanese words to add emphasis of his� respect towards the Malaysian authority as well as to express his feeling about paying high cost of custom and tax. He doesn't feel ashamed to lower his social status as boss in front of the custom officers as long as he can get rid of responsibility to pay the custom. he is lowering his social status by mixing English and Malay for the sake of money and bussiness. The power domination and authority are indeed the biggest motivation for some people to switch code or mix code in the working environment.

CONCLUSION

As the result of the analysis has been revealed, the use of code mixing and code switching in the working environment is not always about following the rules in communication. In fact, people sometimes break the basic principle of communication just to convey another purpose or hidden intention the way Mr. Bossman uses Javanese and Indonesian for communicating with his multi-ethnics staff in Malaysia. He is no doubt intentionally breaks the rules of using English or Malay as lingua Franca just to emphasize his nationality (Indonesian), proud of his ethnics as Javanese as well as htrying his best to maintain his native language and national language towards his staff who mostly do not come ftom Indonesia

In addition to this, his way of using code mixing-code switching whenever he wants to also telling us how the power domination does play big role in workingvenvironment about who can use this language style and who has limited access to do so.

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http://www.getgraphic.org/whatisagraphicnovel.php

Upi. 2016. My Stupid Boss Graphic Novel. Falcon: Jakarta