Hubungan Antara Faktor Demografi dan Penyakit Komorbid Terhadap Gangguan Penciuman dan Pengecapan Pada Penderita Covid-19 Yang Berobat Jalan di Poli Covid Rsup Haji Adam Malik Medan
Abstract
Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) masih terus berlangsung hingga saat ini. Pandemi ini disebabkan oleh infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2). Infeksi SARS-CoV-2 dapat menimbulkan gangguan penciuman dan pengecapan. Kejadian gangguan penciuman ini diketahui lebih banyak dialami oleh pasien rawat jalan dibandingkan rawat inap. Durasi pemulihan dari gangguan pengecapan dan penciuman bervariasi antar penelitian.Untuk mengetahui hubungan usia, jenis kelamin dan komorbid terhadap durasi dari gangguan penciuman pengecapan pada penderita COVID-19 yang berobat jalan di Poli COVID-19 RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan.penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari bulan Agustus-Desember 2021. Besar sampel pada penelitian sebanyak 40 subjek yang diambil dengan pendekatan consecutive sampling. Untuk data karakteristik demografi, gangguan penciuman dan pengecapan menggunakan rekam medis sedangkan untuk durasi penyembuhan dilakukan dengan wawancara melalui telepon.Mayoritas subjek pada penelitian ini adalah perempuan (57,5%), usia terbanyak dibawah 40 tahun (55%), lulusan SMA (57,5%), pekerjaan lainnya (32,5%), da nkomorbid terbanyak ialah hipertensi (12,5%). Gangguan penciuman dijumpai pada 65% subjek dengan durasi dibawah 15 hari pada 88,5% subjek sedangkan gangguan pengecapan dijumpai pada 55% subjek dengan durasi diatas 10 hari pada 54,5% subjek. Tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, usia dan komorbid terhadap terjadinya gangguan penciuman, pengecapan serta durasi baik gangguan penciuman maupun pengecapan .Tidak ada hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin dan komorbid terhadap durasi penyembuhan gangguan penciuman serta pengecapan.
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