Analisis Tingkat Layanan Saat dan Pasca Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Penggunaan Bus AKAP dan Kereta Api

Abstract

In 2020, the outbreak of the Covid-19 disease had significant impacts worldwide, including in Indonesia. As a result, many sectors of human life were weakened, and one of the affected sectors was the long-distance bus transportation sector (AKAP buses). This research aims to investigate the characteristics of AKAP bus users regarding their socioeconomic background, travel patterns, the level of AKAP bus service before and after the pandemic, and factors such as fare, waiting time, and travel time as generalized costs using stated preference methods. The railway transportation variable was also included as an additional factor. The data were analyzed using a binary logit ratio model. Based on the analysis of travel characteristics of individuals traveling from Surakarta to Surabaya, it was found that most travelers, accounting for 17%, were males aged between 26 and 35 years old, with 94% possessing a driving license (SIM). Most of these travelers undertook their journeys to visit relatives, with an average travel time of 3-4 hours. The mode choice model was analyzed, and the sensitivity test results showed that the highest percentage for choosing AKAP buses was 90% based on the travel time variable.