Peran Mindset Terhadap Ketangguhan Mental Mahasiswa
Keywords:
mindset, ketangguhan mental, mahasiswa
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan mindset terhadap ketangguhan mental mahasiswa. Mereka yang memiliki growth mindset percaya bahwa atribut manusia dapat ditempa dan karenanya dapat dikembangkan melalui kerja keras, strategi yang baik, dan dukungan dari orang lain. Dengan pola pikir bahwa kualitas diri dapat ditempa dan dikembangkan melalui kerja keras, strategi yang baik, dan dukungan dari orang lain, diharapkan seseorang lebih mampu menghadapi permasalahan dengan strategi penyelesaian yang lebih efektif, sehingga tercapailah ketangguhan mental. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif tipe survei kepada mahasiswa di Kota Bandung. Data dianalisis dengan regresi linear sederhana guna memperoleh gambaran kekuatan pengaruh mindset terhadap ketangguhan mental mahasiswa secara empirik. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel Mindset memberikan pengaruh signifikan (sig=.000) terhadap Mental Toughness sebesar 10.2%. Artinya walaupun berpengaruh secara signifikan, masih banyak faktor lain diluar mindset yang dapat memengaruhi ketangguhan mental Mahasiswa. Hal ini sejalan dengan hasil penelitian bahwa ketangguhan mental seaeorang merupakan hasil sebuah proses panjang yang merupakan sinergi dari berbagai pihak terkait dengan faktor motivasional, sejumlah individu (yaitu pelatih / guru, teman sebaya, keluarga, rekan senior, psikolog), pengalaman, keterampilan dan strategi psikologis, dan keinginan yang tak pernah puas dan motif yang terinternalisasi untuk berhasil. (Declan, 2008).
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References
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Cowden, R. G., Fuller, D. K., and Anshel, M. H. (2014). Psychological predictors of mental toughness in elite tennis: an exploratory study in learned resourcefulness and competitive trait anxiety. Percept. Mot. Skills 119, 661–678. doi: 10.2466/30. pms.119c27z0
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Declan Connaughton, Ross Wadey, Sheldon Hanton & Graham Jones (2008) The development and maintenance of mental toughness: Perceptions of elite performers, Journal of Sports Sciences, 26:1, 83-95,
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Gucciardi, D. F., and Jones, M. (2012). Beyond optimal performance:mental toughness profiles and indicators of developmental success in adolescent cricketers. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. 34, 16–36. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.1.16
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Horsburgh, V., Schermer, J., Veselka, L., & Vernon, P. (2009). A behavioral genetic study of mental toughness and personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 100- 105.
Kaiseler, M., Polman, R., & Nicholls, A. (2009). Mental toughness, stress, stress appraisal, coping and coping effectiveness in sport. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 728-33.
Kobasa, S. C. (1979). Stressful life events, personality, and health: an inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37 (1), 1-11.
Lai, A., Kwan, Y., Lee, L., Wang, M. P., Feng, Y., Lai, T., . . . Lam, T. H. (2020). Mental Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International University Students, Related Stressors, and Coping Strategies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11.
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McGeown, S. P., Clair-thompson, H. S., & Clough, P. (2015). The Study of Non-Cognitive Attributes in Education : Proposing The Mental Toughness Framework. Educational Review, 37-41.
Meggs, J., Ditzfeld, C., and Golby, J. (2014). Self-concept organisation and mental toughness in sport. J. Sports Sci. 32, 101–109. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.812230
Nicholls, A., Polman, R., Levy, A., & Backhouse, S. (2008). Mental toughness, optimism, and coping. Personality and Individual Differences, vol 44, 1182–92.
Parkes, K. R. (1990). Coping, negative affectivity, and the work environment: additive and interactive predictors of mental health. J. Appl. Psychol. 75, 399–409. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.75.4.399
Santrock, J. W. (2013). Adolescence. Fifteenth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Schwartz, D., Kelly, B. M., & Duong, M. T. (2013). Do academically-engaged adolescents experience social sanctions from the peer group? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(9), 1319-1330.
Scott, M., & Ghinea, G. (2014). Measuring enrichment: the assembly and validation of an instrument to assess student self-beliefs in CS1. ICER ’14: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on International Computing Education Research, (pp. 123–130).
Schaefer, J., Vella, S. A., Allen, M. S., and Magee, C. A. (2016). Competition anxiety, motivation, and mental toughness in golf. J. Appl. Sport Psychol. 28, 309–320.doi: 10.1080/10413200.2016.1162219
Sheard, M. (2009, 2010). Mental Toughness: The mindset behind sporting achievement. London: Routledge.
Sheard, M., & Golby, J. (2006). Effect of psychological skills training program on swimming performance. International Journal of Sport and Exercise International Journal of Sport and Exercise Vol 2, 7-24.
Stoneman, Z., and Gavidia-Payne, S. (2006). Marital adjustment in families of young children with disabilities: associations with daily hassles and problem-focused coping. Am. J. Ment. Retard. 111, 1–14. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(2006)111[1:MAIFOY]2.0.CO;2
Weiner, B. (2005). Motivation from an attributional perspective and the social psychology. In Handbook of Competence and Motivation. New York: Guilford Press.
Anderman, E. M., Gray, D. L., & Chang, Y. (2013). Motivation and classroom learning. In I.
B. Weiner, & others (eds), Handbook of psychology (2nd ed., vol.7). New York: Wiley.
Arima, M., Takamiya, Y., Furuta, A., Siriratsivawong, K., Tsuchiya, S., & Izumi, M. (2020). Factors Associated With the Mental Health Status of Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan. British Medical Journal vol 10, 1-7.
Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson, & W. S. Rholes, Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46-76). The Guilford Press.
Bull, S., Shambrook, C., James, W., & Brooks, J. (2005). Towards an understanding of mental toughness in elite English cricketers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 209-27.
Clough, P., & Strycharczyk, D. (2011). Developing Mental Toughness Improving performance, wellbeing and positive behaviour in others. 120 Pentonville Road London N1 9JN UK: Kogan Page Limited.
Clough, P., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: the concept and its measurement , in (ed) I Cockerill. Solutions in Sport Psychology, 32-43.
Cowden, R. G., Fuller, D. K., and Anshel, M. H. (2014). Psychological predictors of mental toughness in elite tennis: an exploratory study in learned resourcefulness and competitive trait anxiety. Percept. Mot. Skills 119, 661–678. doi: 10.2466/30. pms.119c27z0
Cowden, R. G., Meyer-Weitz, A., and Oppong Asante, K. (2016). Mental toughness in competitive tennis: relationships with resilience and stress. Front. Psychol. 7:320. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00320
Crum, A. J., Salovey, P., & Achor, S. (2013). Rethinking stress: The role of mindsets in determining the stress response. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(4), 716–733.
Crust, L., & Azadi, K. (2010). Mental toughness and athletes' use of psychological strategies. European Journal of Sport Science, 10:1, 43-51.
Crust, L., & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: from research to practice.Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2(1), 21-32.
Crust, L., and Swann, C. (2013). The relationship between mental toughness and dispositional flow. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 13, 215–220. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2011.635698
Declan Connaughton, Ross Wadey, Sheldon Hanton & Graham Jones (2008) The development and maintenance of mental toughness: Perceptions of elite performers, Journal of Sports Sciences, 26:1, 83-95,
Dienstbier, R. A. (1991). Behavioral correlates of sympathoadrenal reactivity: The toughness model. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 23 (7), 846-52.
Dweck, C. (2000). Self theories : Their role in motivation, personality, and development psychology. New York: Taylor and Francis Group.
Dweck, C. (2006). Mindset : The new psychology of success. New York: Random House. Dweck, C. (2017). Mindset: Changing the Way You Think to Fulfil Your Potential. (1st ed.). New York: Robinson Ltd.
Dweck, C., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95(2), 256-273.
Dyer, J. G., & McGuinness, T. M. (1996). Resilience: analysis of the concept. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, X (5) (October), 276-82.
Elliot, A., & Dweck, C. (2005). Handbook of competence and motivation. New York: Guilford Press.
Gerber, M., Feldmeth, A. K., Lang, C., Brand, S., Elliot, C., Holsboer-Trachsler, E.,et al. (2015a). The relationship between mental toughness, stress, and burnout among adolescents: a longitudinal study with Swiss vocational students. Psychol.Rep. 117, 703–723. doi: 10.2466/14.02.pr0.117c29z6
Gerber, M., & Haghighi, M. (2019). Does Mental Toughness Buffer the Relationship Between Perceived Stress , Depression , Burnout, Anxiety, and Sleep. International Journal of Stress Management, 26(3), 297-305.
Gucciardi, D., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. (2009b). Evaluation of a mental toughness training programme. Journal of Applied Sport, vol 21, 307–23.
Gucciardi, D. F., and Jones, M. (2012). Beyond optimal performance:mental toughness profiles and indicators of developmental success in adolescent cricketers. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. 34, 16–36. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.1.16
Horiuchi, S., Tsuda, A., Aoki, S., Yoneda, K., & Sawaguchi, Y. (2018). Coping as a mediator of the relationship between stress mindset and psychological stress response: a pilot study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 1(11), 47-54.
Horsburgh, V., Schermer, J., Veselka, L., & Vernon, P. (2009). A behavioral genetic study of mental toughness and personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 100- 105.
Kaiseler, M., Polman, R., & Nicholls, A. (2009). Mental toughness, stress, stress appraisal, coping and coping effectiveness in sport. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 728-33.
Kobasa, S. C. (1979). Stressful life events, personality, and health: an inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37 (1), 1-11.
Lai, A., Kwan, Y., Lee, L., Wang, M. P., Feng, Y., Lai, T., . . . Lam, T. H. (2020). Mental Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International University Students, Related Stressors, and Coping Strategies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11.
Lin, Y., Mutz, J., Clough, P. J., & Papageorgiou, K. A. (2017). Mental Toughness and Individual Differences in Learning, Educational and Work Performance, Psychological Well-Being, and Personality: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1-15.
McGeown, S. P., Clair-thompson, H. S., & Clough, P. (2015). The Study of Non-Cognitive Attributes in Education : Proposing The Mental Toughness Framework. Educational Review, 37-41.
Meggs, J., Ditzfeld, C., and Golby, J. (2014). Self-concept organisation and mental toughness in sport. J. Sports Sci. 32, 101–109. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.812230
Nicholls, A., Polman, R., Levy, A., & Backhouse, S. (2008). Mental toughness, optimism, and coping. Personality and Individual Differences, vol 44, 1182–92.
Parkes, K. R. (1990). Coping, negative affectivity, and the work environment: additive and interactive predictors of mental health. J. Appl. Psychol. 75, 399–409. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.75.4.399
Santrock, J. W. (2013). Adolescence. Fifteenth edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Schwartz, D., Kelly, B. M., & Duong, M. T. (2013). Do academically-engaged adolescents experience social sanctions from the peer group? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(9), 1319-1330.
Scott, M., & Ghinea, G. (2014). Measuring enrichment: the assembly and validation of an instrument to assess student self-beliefs in CS1. ICER ’14: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on International Computing Education Research, (pp. 123–130).
Schaefer, J., Vella, S. A., Allen, M. S., and Magee, C. A. (2016). Competition anxiety, motivation, and mental toughness in golf. J. Appl. Sport Psychol. 28, 309–320.doi: 10.1080/10413200.2016.1162219
Sheard, M. (2009, 2010). Mental Toughness: The mindset behind sporting achievement. London: Routledge.
Sheard, M., & Golby, J. (2006). Effect of psychological skills training program on swimming performance. International Journal of Sport and Exercise International Journal of Sport and Exercise Vol 2, 7-24.
Stoneman, Z., and Gavidia-Payne, S. (2006). Marital adjustment in families of young children with disabilities: associations with daily hassles and problem-focused coping. Am. J. Ment. Retard. 111, 1–14. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(2006)111[1:MAIFOY]2.0.CO;2
Weiner, B. (2005). Motivation from an attributional perspective and the social psychology. In Handbook of Competence and Motivation. New York: Guilford Press.
Published
2023-10-21
Section
Original Articles
Copyright (c) 2023 Ira Adelina, Priska Analya, Yulita Anggelia
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