Navigation Factors Affecting Shipping Safety in The Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lane (ALKI)
Keywords:
ALKI, Maritime Navigation, Navigation Factors, Sea Transportation, Shipping Safety
Abstract
Shipping safety is a crucial aspect in the sea transportation sector, especially in the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Route (ALKI) which is a strategic route for national and international ship traffic. This study aims to identify and analyze navigation factors that affect shipping safety in ALKI. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with secondary data analysis and interviews with related parties, such as port authorities, captains, and maritime regulators. The results of the study show that several main factors that affect shipping safety at ALKI include hydrographic and oceanographic conditions, ship traffic density, the existence of navigational aids, the level of compliance with shipping regulations, and the competence and readiness of the ship crew. In addition, extreme weather factors and the uncertainty of the marine environment also contribute to the risk of maritime accidents. The implications of these findings lead to recommendations to improve navigation infrastructure, strengthen regulations, and improve the competence of human resources in the maritime industry to reduce the risk of accidents in ALKI waters.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Alessandrini, A., Mazzarella, F., & Vespe, M. (2019). Estimated Time of Arrival Using Historical Vessel Tracking Data. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , 20 (1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2017.2789279
Alqurashi, F.S., Trichili, A., Saeed, N., Ooi, B.S., & Alouini, M.-S. (2022). Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges . http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.12824
Apriantara, R., Widodo, P., Juni, H., Saragih, R., Suwarno, P., Yurianto, M., & Wiranto, S. (2023). Data Analysis of the Number of Security and Safety Incidents in Indonesian Waters. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT , 38 (1), 367–376.
Baldauf, M., Claresta, G., & Nugroho, T.F. (2020). Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) to ensure safety of maritime transportation: Studies of potentials in Sunda Strait. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science , 557 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/557/1/012068
Baldauf, M., Fischer, S., Kitada, M., Mehdi, R.A., Al?Quhali, M.A., & Fiorini, M. (2019). Merging conventionally navigating ships and mass - merging vts, foc and scc? TransNav , 13 (3), 495–501. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.03.02
Bellsolà Olba, X., Daamen, W., Vellinga, T., & Hoogendoorn, S.P. (2018). State-of-the-art of port simulation models for risk and capacity assessment based on the vessel navigational behavior through the nautical infrastructure. In Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition) (Vol. 5, Issue 5, pp. 335–347). Periodical Offices of Chang-an University. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2018.03.003
Benned, M., Pahala, Y., Candra Susanto, P., & Tinggi Penerbangan AVIASI, S. (2020). Optimization of Pioneer Cargo Plane and Sea Highway on National Logistics Distribution. In Jurnal Ilmiah Kedirgarajaan (Vol. 17).
Buchari, E., & Victoria, A. (2021). Policies Conducted to Support Maritime Safety and Security in Sea Transportation Systems. KnE Social Sciences . https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v5i1.8286
Buntoro, K. (2021). Perspectives on Enhancing Safety and Security in Indonesian Waters. Indonesian Journal of International Law , 8 (4). https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol8.4.312
Burhanudin Gesi, Rahmat Laan, FL (2019). Management and Executive . 3 .
Chowdhury, MN, Shafi, S., Mohd Arzaman, AF, Teoh, BA, Kadhim, KA, Salamun, H., Abdul Kadir, FK, Said, S., Kadir, KA, Embong, AM, Abdul Aziz, NA, Jusoh, MH, Phuoc Pham, LHH, & Si Xuan, AN (2024). Navigating Human Factors in Maritime Safety: A Review of Risks and Improvements in Engine Rooms of Ocean-Going Vessels. International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering , 14 (1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.140101
Claresta, G., & Baldauf, M. (2020). Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and e-Navigation to safely and efficiently connect Regions. Journal Für Mobilität Und Verkehr , 6 , 29–38. https://doi.org/10.34647/jmv.nr6.id46
Conceição, VP da, Dahlman, J., & Navarro, A. (2018). Designing for Safe Maritime Navigation Studying Control Processes for Bridge Teams. Encontro Anual Da Investigação e Desenvolvimento Em Ciências Militares Investigação Em Ciências Militares: Atualidade e Perspetivas Futuras, 12 de Dezembro de 2018, 9. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28044.82567
Costa, N. A., Lundh, M., & MacKinnon, S. N. (2018). Non-technical communication factors at the Vessel Traffic Services. Cognition, Technology and Work , 20 (1), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-017-0448-9
DEM?RC?, SME, CANIMO?LU, R., & ELÇ?ÇEK, H. (2022). An Evaluation of the Effects of Human Factors on Potential Ship Accidents Under Pilotage. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin , 11 (1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1064311
Demirev, V. (nd). World Radiocommunication Conference WRC'19-Impact on security of the modern human society .
Desiana, R., & Prima, SC (2022). Cyber security policy in Indonesian shipping safety. Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration , 5 (2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v5i2.13673
Di Ciaccio, F., Menegazzo, P., & Troisi, S. (2019). Optimization of the maritime signaling system in the lagoon of Venice. Censors (Switzerland) , 19 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051216
Finstad, K. (2015). Response Interpolation and Scale Sensitivity: Evidence Against 5-Point Scales. Journal of Usability Studies.
Fitri, N., & Saharae, S. (2023). No Title . 9 (14), 487–502.
Formela, K., Neumann, T., & Weintrit, A. (2019). Overview of definitions of maritime safety, safety at sea, navigational safety and safety in general. TransNav , 13 (2), 285–290. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.02.03
Hahn, A. (2014). Test Bed for Safety Assessment of New e-Navigation Systems. International Journal of E-Navigation and Maritime Economy , 1 , 14–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enavi.2014.12.003
Halnogel, E. (2012). DNM Safety From Safety-I to Safety-II: A White Paper Network Manager nominated by the European Commission .
Handoko, EY, & Islami, AA (2019). Making a Mining Vessel Navigation Route on a River Using Multibeam Echosounder (Case Study: Mahakam River). Geoid , 14 (2), 130. https://doi.org/10.12962/j24423998.v14i2.4018
Hanzu-Pazara, R., Duse, Varsami, C., Andrei, C., & Dumitrache, R. (2016). The influence of ship's stability on safety of navigation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering , 145 (8). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/145/8/082019
Hasbullah, MI, Osnin, NA, & Mohd Salleh, NH (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis on the development of aids to navigation. Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs , 15 (3), 247–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2022.2055889
Hea Rsey, R.E. (1988). MARINE SAFETY INFORMATION. In International Hydrographie Review (Issue 1).
Hong, S.-K. (2022). Operator function model to analyze ship accidents related to navigation aids. Human Factors in Transportation , 60 , 746–751. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002513
Hovda. (2021). Knut_Hovda piotage .
Howe, N., Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation. New York: Vintage Books.
Hu, Y. (2020). Research on the effectiveness assessment of ship reporting systems .
Irewati, A. (nd). THE CHALLENGES OF CONSTRUCTING THE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA IN THE MALACCA STRAIT .
James SINGH, A., Kumar, A., Chuin LAU, H., James, A., Chuin, H., James Singh, A., & Chuin Lau, H. (2020). Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement Learning for Maritime Traffic Management . https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/5403
Jurdzi, M. (2018). Changing the Model of Maritime Navigation . 12 (1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.01.03
Kampantais, N. (2016). Seaworthiness in autonomous unmanned cargo ships . December . https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23001.11369
Keyuan, Z. (2017). Navigation in the South China Sea: Why Still an Issue? International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law , 32 (2), 243–267. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718085-12322038
Kim, K. Il, & Lee, K. M. (2018). Deep learning-based caution area traffic prediction with automatic identification system sensor data. Censors (Switzerland) , 18 (9). https://doi.org/10.3390/s18093172
Kopacz, Z., Morgas, W., & Urban, J. (2022). The Maritime Safety System, its Main Components and Elements .
Korcz, K. (2017). Journal of KONES 2017 No. 3 Vol. 24 ISSN 1231-4005. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport , 24 (3). https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3060
Krisnajaya, A., Kadir, A., Ade Putra, A., Author, K., Artikel, I., & Diperbaiki, D. (2019). STABILITA || Scientific Journal of Civil Engineering (Vol. 7, Issue 3).
Kusumawati, ED, Handoyo, G., & Hariadi. (2015). Bathymetric Mapping to Support Shipping Lanes in Banjarmasin Waters, South Kalimantan. Journal of Oceanography , 4 (4), 706–712. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jose
Kusumawati, ED, Handoyo, G., & Hariadi. (2015). Bathymetric Mapping to Support Shipping Lanes in Banjarmasin Waters, South Kalimantan. Journal of Oceanography , 4 (4), 706–712.
Lázaro, F., Raulefs, R., Wang, W., Clazzer, F., & Plass, S. (2019). VHF Data Exchange System (VDES): an enabling technology for maritime communications. CEAS Space Journal , 11 (1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12567-018-0214-8
Li, M., Mou, J., Liu, R., Chen, P., Dong, Z., & He, Y. (2019). Relational model of accidents and vessel traffic using AIS Data and GIS: A case study of the Western port of Shenzhen City. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering , 7 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7060163
Marine Environment, P., and Safety, K., & Rahma Novikasari, S. (nd). IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATORY ROUTE FOR TANKER AS AN EFFORT . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351068501
Ma, X.F., Shi, G.Y., & Liu, Z.J. (2023). Unraveling the Usage Characteristics of Human Element, Human Factor, and Human Error in Maritime Safety. Applied Sciences (Switzerland) , 13 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/app13052850
Macdonald, J.C. (nd). The Australian REEFREP System: A Coastal Vessel Traffic Information Service and Ship Reporting System for the Torres Strait Region and the Inner Route of the Great Barrier Reef .
Makarowski, R., Plopa, M., Piotrowski, A., & Plopa, W. (2021). The Human Factor in Maritime Transport: Personality and Aggression Levels of Master Mariners and Navigation Students. Advances in Cognitive Psychology , 16 (4), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.5709/ACP-0310-5
Malisan, J., & Malisan Transportation Research and Development Agency Jl Medan, J. (nd). 81 Low Shipping Safety Management in the Waters of the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI) II and III LOW OF SHIPPING SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERS OF THE INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES (ALKI) II AND III LOW OF SHIPPING SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA SEA LANE OF COMMUNI-CATION II AND III. In Merdeka Timur (Issue 5).
Marchel, ?., Naus, K., & Specht, M. (2020). Optimization of the Position of Navigational Aids for the Purposes of SLAM technology for Accuracy of Vessel Positioning. Journal of Navigation , 73 (2), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463319000584
McAlister, E. (2009). Understanding: Children's Exposure to Violence. New York: Springer Publishing.
MSC_Circ1310 2014 . (2020).
Musa Notoharjo, M. (nd). MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT SEA TOLL PROGRAM IN REALIZING THE WORLD MARITIME AXIS (PMD) MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT SEA TOLL PRO . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343684868
Muzwardi, A., Sinaga, O., Widya, R., & Sumadinata, S. (2023). Policy Analysis of Indonesian Ports: A Study of Batu Ampar Free Port. In Journal of Surveys in Fisheries Sciences (Vol. 10, Issue 2S)
Natalia. (2021). Cyber-worthiness : December , 1–61.
Niwa, Y., Motogi, H., Nishizaki, C., Urakami, M., Seta, T., Kobayashi, M., & Minami, M. (2015). Ship-to-Ship Radiocommunication Trial by Using Wireless LAN. International Journal of E-Navigation and Maritime Economy , 3 , 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enavi.2015.12.004
Nugroho, SS (2023). IS IT ILLEGAL FOR FOREIGN VESSELS TO TRANSIT THROUGH INDONESIAN WATERS WITHOUT UTILIZING THE ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES? Journal of Bina Mulia Hukum , 8 (1), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v8i1.759
Park, YA, Yip, T.L., & Park, H.G. (2019). An Analysis of Pilotage Marine Accidents in Korea. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics , 35 (1), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.03.007
Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 4 of 2023 Concerning the Implementation of Shipping Telecommunications and Management of Ship Traffic in Indonesian Waters, Pub. L. No. PM 4 (2023).
Government Regulation Number 5 of 2010 concerning Navigation (2010).
Pramesti, AA ayu DU, Wijaya, IKKA, & Arini, DG (2021). Regulation of Shipping Safety and Security in Indonesian Waters. Journal of Legal Preferences , 2 (2), 382–387. https://doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.2.3342.382-387
Prasetyo, D., Thamrin, HM, Suhalis, A., & Tantri, F. (2018). The Impact of The Ship 's Seaworthiness on Marine Safety Through Mediation of Navigation Aids (A Survey to The Property Vessels of PT. Pelni and PT Spil, Tanjung Priok Port on 2018). Advances in Transportation and Logistics Research, 1 , 200-207.
Primana, D., Pusat, S., Dan, H., Tni, O., Laut, A., Armawi, A., & Martono, E. (2017). Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) Model in the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lane (ALKI) I in the Sunda Strait in Realizing Regional Resilience. In Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional (Vol. 23, Issue 1). http://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/JKN
Priyatna, I., & Gatinaud, A. (2020). ISBN : (printed) 978-623-95767-0-7 ; (electronic) 978-623-95767-1-4 POLITEKNIK NAIL SCIENCES MAKASSAR This paper is presented in .
Pujiastuti, RR (2019). UTILIZATION OF SEA TRANSPORTATION TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH OF THE TOURISM SECTOR . 19 (2), 1–14.
Redita, W., Yudho Prakoso, L., & Defense of the Sea of Defense University, S. (nd). IMPLEMENTATION OF VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MARINE TRANSPORTATION IN SUNDA STRAITS IN THE SAFETY OF SHIPMENT ON SEA DEFENSE STRATEGY . https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/13285616/terbaru-panjang-garis-pantai-indonesia-capai-99000-
Setiawan, S. (2018). Indonesian Logistics Infrastructure: The Performance and Fiscal Support. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) , 7 (2), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v7i2.896
Shaobo, W. (2017). 2017 4th International Conference on Information, Cybernetics and Computational Social Systems (ICCSS) . IEEE.
Sheng, P., & Yin, J. (2018). Extracting shipping route patterns by trajectory clustering model based on Automatic Identification System data. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 10 (7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072327
Silveira, P., Teixeira, A.P., & Guedes Soares, C. (2019). Ais based shipping routes using the dijkstra algorithm. TransNav , 13 (3), 565–571. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.03.1
Siyoto S and A Sodik. 2015. Basic Research Methodology. Sleman: Literacy Media Publishing
SOLAS CHAPTER V SAFETY OF NAVIGATION REGULATION 1-Application . (nd).
Song, B., Itoh, H., & Kawamura, Y. (2022). Development of training method for vessel traffic service based on cognitive process. Cognition, Technology and Work , 24 (2), 351–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-021-00684-
Stitt, IPA (2002). The COLREGS – Time for a Rewrite ? 419–430.
Sugiyono. (2019). Quantitative, Qualitative and R & D Research Methods. Bandung: Alphabet.
Suryani, D., Hendrawan, A., & Pramono, S. (2023). Marine Science and Technology Journal Info Articles Abstract . 4 (8), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.31331/maristec.v4i1
Susanto, PC, Pahala, Y., & Setyowati, TM (2021). PIONEER SHIPPING CONNECTIVITY AS PART OF THE LOGISTICS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN SUPPORTING THE SUCCESS OF SEA TOLL ROAD. Journal of Transportation, Logistics, and Aviation , 1 (1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.52909/jtla.v1i1.42
Tkachenko, V., Voloshyna, O., Marukhnenko, ?., Slobodanyuk, M., Zharikov, V., & Yatsenko, S. (2021). Maritime Navigation Systems: Role And Place In The Safety Of Navigation. IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security , 21 (9), 86. https://doi.org/10.22937/IJCSNS.2021.21.9.10
Torskiy, V., Topalov, V. P., & Chesnokova, M. (2016). Conceptual Grounds of Navigation Safety. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation , 10 (1), 79–82. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.10.01.08
U?urlu, Ö., Kaptan, M., Kum, S., & Yildiz, S. (2017). Pilotage services in Turkey; key issues and ideal pilotage. Journal of Marine Engineering and Technology , 16 (2), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2016.1262596
Law 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, Pub. L.No. Law 17 of 2008 (2008).
Van Hung, P., Viet, D. Q., Duc, N. M., & Le, T. D. (2023). Ship routing optimization using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm for safety and efficient navigation. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering , 13 (2), 2309–2315. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp2309-2315
Wawrzyniak, N., Hyla, T., & Popik, A. (2019). Vessel detection and tracking method based on video surveillance. Censors (Switzerland) , 19 (23). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235230
Yoga Bawana Paksi, S., Praptomo, E., Idayanti, S., Keywords, A., & Shipping Lane, D. (nd). Legal Consequences of Captains Who Do Not Comply with Shipping Lane Provisions in the Territorial Area of Indonesia Article . https://doi.org/10.24905/plj.v1i2.23
Yoo, S.L., & Kim, K. Il. (2021). Optimal staffing for vessel traffic service operators: A case study of yeosu vts. Sensors , 21 (23). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21238004
Yoon, H.K., Nguyen, V.M., & Nguyen, T.T. (2018). Development of Solution for Safe Ship Considering Seakeeping PERformance. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation , 12 (3), 517–525. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.03.10
Zagorodnia, Y.V., Pozdniakova, V.V., & ?arukhnenko, O.M. (2021). ??????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????. Transport Development , 1(8) , 62–69. https://doi.org/10.33082/td.2021.1-8.06
Žani? Mikuli?i?, J., Kasum, J., & Jugovi?, A. (2018). Distribution of maritime safety information and improvement measures for safety of navigation. In Nase More (Vol. 65, Issue 3, pp. 164–168). University of Dubronvnik. https://doi.org/10.17818/NM/2018/3.6
Alqurashi, F.S., Trichili, A., Saeed, N., Ooi, B.S., & Alouini, M.-S. (2022). Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges . http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.12824
Apriantara, R., Widodo, P., Juni, H., Saragih, R., Suwarno, P., Yurianto, M., & Wiranto, S. (2023). Data Analysis of the Number of Security and Safety Incidents in Indonesian Waters. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT , 38 (1), 367–376.
Baldauf, M., Claresta, G., & Nugroho, T.F. (2020). Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) to ensure safety of maritime transportation: Studies of potentials in Sunda Strait. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science , 557 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/557/1/012068
Baldauf, M., Fischer, S., Kitada, M., Mehdi, R.A., Al?Quhali, M.A., & Fiorini, M. (2019). Merging conventionally navigating ships and mass - merging vts, foc and scc? TransNav , 13 (3), 495–501. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.03.02
Bellsolà Olba, X., Daamen, W., Vellinga, T., & Hoogendoorn, S.P. (2018). State-of-the-art of port simulation models for risk and capacity assessment based on the vessel navigational behavior through the nautical infrastructure. In Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition) (Vol. 5, Issue 5, pp. 335–347). Periodical Offices of Chang-an University. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2018.03.003
Benned, M., Pahala, Y., Candra Susanto, P., & Tinggi Penerbangan AVIASI, S. (2020). Optimization of Pioneer Cargo Plane and Sea Highway on National Logistics Distribution. In Jurnal Ilmiah Kedirgarajaan (Vol. 17).
Buchari, E., & Victoria, A. (2021). Policies Conducted to Support Maritime Safety and Security in Sea Transportation Systems. KnE Social Sciences . https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v5i1.8286
Buntoro, K. (2021). Perspectives on Enhancing Safety and Security in Indonesian Waters. Indonesian Journal of International Law , 8 (4). https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol8.4.312
Burhanudin Gesi, Rahmat Laan, FL (2019). Management and Executive . 3 .
Chowdhury, MN, Shafi, S., Mohd Arzaman, AF, Teoh, BA, Kadhim, KA, Salamun, H., Abdul Kadir, FK, Said, S., Kadir, KA, Embong, AM, Abdul Aziz, NA, Jusoh, MH, Phuoc Pham, LHH, & Si Xuan, AN (2024). Navigating Human Factors in Maritime Safety: A Review of Risks and Improvements in Engine Rooms of Ocean-Going Vessels. International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering , 14 (1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.140101
Claresta, G., & Baldauf, M. (2020). Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and e-Navigation to safely and efficiently connect Regions. Journal Für Mobilität Und Verkehr , 6 , 29–38. https://doi.org/10.34647/jmv.nr6.id46
Conceição, VP da, Dahlman, J., & Navarro, A. (2018). Designing for Safe Maritime Navigation Studying Control Processes for Bridge Teams. Encontro Anual Da Investigação e Desenvolvimento Em Ciências Militares Investigação Em Ciências Militares: Atualidade e Perspetivas Futuras, 12 de Dezembro de 2018, 9. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28044.82567
Costa, N. A., Lundh, M., & MacKinnon, S. N. (2018). Non-technical communication factors at the Vessel Traffic Services. Cognition, Technology and Work , 20 (1), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-017-0448-9
DEM?RC?, SME, CANIMO?LU, R., & ELÇ?ÇEK, H. (2022). An Evaluation of the Effects of Human Factors on Potential Ship Accidents Under Pilotage. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin , 11 (1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1064311
Demirev, V. (nd). World Radiocommunication Conference WRC'19-Impact on security of the modern human society .
Desiana, R., & Prima, SC (2022). Cyber security policy in Indonesian shipping safety. Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration , 5 (2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v5i2.13673
Di Ciaccio, F., Menegazzo, P., & Troisi, S. (2019). Optimization of the maritime signaling system in the lagoon of Venice. Censors (Switzerland) , 19 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051216
Finstad, K. (2015). Response Interpolation and Scale Sensitivity: Evidence Against 5-Point Scales. Journal of Usability Studies.
Fitri, N., & Saharae, S. (2023). No Title . 9 (14), 487–502.
Formela, K., Neumann, T., & Weintrit, A. (2019). Overview of definitions of maritime safety, safety at sea, navigational safety and safety in general. TransNav , 13 (2), 285–290. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.02.03
Hahn, A. (2014). Test Bed for Safety Assessment of New e-Navigation Systems. International Journal of E-Navigation and Maritime Economy , 1 , 14–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enavi.2014.12.003
Halnogel, E. (2012). DNM Safety From Safety-I to Safety-II: A White Paper Network Manager nominated by the European Commission .
Handoko, EY, & Islami, AA (2019). Making a Mining Vessel Navigation Route on a River Using Multibeam Echosounder (Case Study: Mahakam River). Geoid , 14 (2), 130. https://doi.org/10.12962/j24423998.v14i2.4018
Hanzu-Pazara, R., Duse, Varsami, C., Andrei, C., & Dumitrache, R. (2016). The influence of ship's stability on safety of navigation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering , 145 (8). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/145/8/082019
Hasbullah, MI, Osnin, NA, & Mohd Salleh, NH (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis on the development of aids to navigation. Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs , 15 (3), 247–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2022.2055889
Hea Rsey, R.E. (1988). MARINE SAFETY INFORMATION. In International Hydrographie Review (Issue 1).
Hong, S.-K. (2022). Operator function model to analyze ship accidents related to navigation aids. Human Factors in Transportation , 60 , 746–751. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002513
Hovda. (2021). Knut_Hovda piotage .
Howe, N., Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation. New York: Vintage Books.
Hu, Y. (2020). Research on the effectiveness assessment of ship reporting systems .
Irewati, A. (nd). THE CHALLENGES OF CONSTRUCTING THE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA IN THE MALACCA STRAIT .
James SINGH, A., Kumar, A., Chuin LAU, H., James, A., Chuin, H., James Singh, A., & Chuin Lau, H. (2020). Hierarchical Multiagent Reinforcement Learning for Maritime Traffic Management . https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/5403
Jurdzi, M. (2018). Changing the Model of Maritime Navigation . 12 (1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.01.03
Kampantais, N. (2016). Seaworthiness in autonomous unmanned cargo ships . December . https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23001.11369
Keyuan, Z. (2017). Navigation in the South China Sea: Why Still an Issue? International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law , 32 (2), 243–267. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718085-12322038
Kim, K. Il, & Lee, K. M. (2018). Deep learning-based caution area traffic prediction with automatic identification system sensor data. Censors (Switzerland) , 18 (9). https://doi.org/10.3390/s18093172
Kopacz, Z., Morgas, W., & Urban, J. (2022). The Maritime Safety System, its Main Components and Elements .
Korcz, K. (2017). Journal of KONES 2017 No. 3 Vol. 24 ISSN 1231-4005. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport , 24 (3). https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3060
Krisnajaya, A., Kadir, A., Ade Putra, A., Author, K., Artikel, I., & Diperbaiki, D. (2019). STABILITA || Scientific Journal of Civil Engineering (Vol. 7, Issue 3).
Kusumawati, ED, Handoyo, G., & Hariadi. (2015). Bathymetric Mapping to Support Shipping Lanes in Banjarmasin Waters, South Kalimantan. Journal of Oceanography , 4 (4), 706–712. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jose
Kusumawati, ED, Handoyo, G., & Hariadi. (2015). Bathymetric Mapping to Support Shipping Lanes in Banjarmasin Waters, South Kalimantan. Journal of Oceanography , 4 (4), 706–712.
Lázaro, F., Raulefs, R., Wang, W., Clazzer, F., & Plass, S. (2019). VHF Data Exchange System (VDES): an enabling technology for maritime communications. CEAS Space Journal , 11 (1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12567-018-0214-8
Li, M., Mou, J., Liu, R., Chen, P., Dong, Z., & He, Y. (2019). Relational model of accidents and vessel traffic using AIS Data and GIS: A case study of the Western port of Shenzhen City. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering , 7 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7060163
Marine Environment, P., and Safety, K., & Rahma Novikasari, S. (nd). IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATORY ROUTE FOR TANKER AS AN EFFORT . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351068501
Ma, X.F., Shi, G.Y., & Liu, Z.J. (2023). Unraveling the Usage Characteristics of Human Element, Human Factor, and Human Error in Maritime Safety. Applied Sciences (Switzerland) , 13 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/app13052850
Macdonald, J.C. (nd). The Australian REEFREP System: A Coastal Vessel Traffic Information Service and Ship Reporting System for the Torres Strait Region and the Inner Route of the Great Barrier Reef .
Makarowski, R., Plopa, M., Piotrowski, A., & Plopa, W. (2021). The Human Factor in Maritime Transport: Personality and Aggression Levels of Master Mariners and Navigation Students. Advances in Cognitive Psychology , 16 (4), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.5709/ACP-0310-5
Malisan, J., & Malisan Transportation Research and Development Agency Jl Medan, J. (nd). 81 Low Shipping Safety Management in the Waters of the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI) II and III LOW OF SHIPPING SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERS OF THE INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES (ALKI) II AND III LOW OF SHIPPING SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA SEA LANE OF COMMUNI-CATION II AND III. In Merdeka Timur (Issue 5).
Marchel, ?., Naus, K., & Specht, M. (2020). Optimization of the Position of Navigational Aids for the Purposes of SLAM technology for Accuracy of Vessel Positioning. Journal of Navigation , 73 (2), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463319000584
McAlister, E. (2009). Understanding: Children's Exposure to Violence. New York: Springer Publishing.
MSC_Circ1310 2014 . (2020).
Musa Notoharjo, M. (nd). MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT SEA TOLL PROGRAM IN REALIZING THE WORLD MARITIME AXIS (PMD) MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT SEA TOLL PRO . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343684868
Muzwardi, A., Sinaga, O., Widya, R., & Sumadinata, S. (2023). Policy Analysis of Indonesian Ports: A Study of Batu Ampar Free Port. In Journal of Surveys in Fisheries Sciences (Vol. 10, Issue 2S)
Natalia. (2021). Cyber-worthiness : December , 1–61.
Niwa, Y., Motogi, H., Nishizaki, C., Urakami, M., Seta, T., Kobayashi, M., & Minami, M. (2015). Ship-to-Ship Radiocommunication Trial by Using Wireless LAN. International Journal of E-Navigation and Maritime Economy , 3 , 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enavi.2015.12.004
Nugroho, SS (2023). IS IT ILLEGAL FOR FOREIGN VESSELS TO TRANSIT THROUGH INDONESIAN WATERS WITHOUT UTILIZING THE ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES? Journal of Bina Mulia Hukum , 8 (1), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v8i1.759
Park, YA, Yip, T.L., & Park, H.G. (2019). An Analysis of Pilotage Marine Accidents in Korea. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics , 35 (1), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.03.007
Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 4 of 2023 Concerning the Implementation of Shipping Telecommunications and Management of Ship Traffic in Indonesian Waters, Pub. L. No. PM 4 (2023).
Government Regulation Number 5 of 2010 concerning Navigation (2010).
Pramesti, AA ayu DU, Wijaya, IKKA, & Arini, DG (2021). Regulation of Shipping Safety and Security in Indonesian Waters. Journal of Legal Preferences , 2 (2), 382–387. https://doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.2.3342.382-387
Prasetyo, D., Thamrin, HM, Suhalis, A., & Tantri, F. (2018). The Impact of The Ship 's Seaworthiness on Marine Safety Through Mediation of Navigation Aids (A Survey to The Property Vessels of PT. Pelni and PT Spil, Tanjung Priok Port on 2018). Advances in Transportation and Logistics Research, 1 , 200-207.
Primana, D., Pusat, S., Dan, H., Tni, O., Laut, A., Armawi, A., & Martono, E. (2017). Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) Model in the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lane (ALKI) I in the Sunda Strait in Realizing Regional Resilience. In Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional (Vol. 23, Issue 1). http://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/JKN
Priyatna, I., & Gatinaud, A. (2020). ISBN : (printed) 978-623-95767-0-7 ; (electronic) 978-623-95767-1-4 POLITEKNIK NAIL SCIENCES MAKASSAR This paper is presented in .
Pujiastuti, RR (2019). UTILIZATION OF SEA TRANSPORTATION TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH OF THE TOURISM SECTOR . 19 (2), 1–14.
Redita, W., Yudho Prakoso, L., & Defense of the Sea of Defense University, S. (nd). IMPLEMENTATION OF VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MARINE TRANSPORTATION IN SUNDA STRAITS IN THE SAFETY OF SHIPMENT ON SEA DEFENSE STRATEGY . https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/13285616/terbaru-panjang-garis-pantai-indonesia-capai-99000-
Setiawan, S. (2018). Indonesian Logistics Infrastructure: The Performance and Fiscal Support. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) , 7 (2), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v7i2.896
Shaobo, W. (2017). 2017 4th International Conference on Information, Cybernetics and Computational Social Systems (ICCSS) . IEEE.
Sheng, P., & Yin, J. (2018). Extracting shipping route patterns by trajectory clustering model based on Automatic Identification System data. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 10 (7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072327
Silveira, P., Teixeira, A.P., & Guedes Soares, C. (2019). Ais based shipping routes using the dijkstra algorithm. TransNav , 13 (3), 565–571. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.03.1
Siyoto S and A Sodik. 2015. Basic Research Methodology. Sleman: Literacy Media Publishing
SOLAS CHAPTER V SAFETY OF NAVIGATION REGULATION 1-Application . (nd).
Song, B., Itoh, H., & Kawamura, Y. (2022). Development of training method for vessel traffic service based on cognitive process. Cognition, Technology and Work , 24 (2), 351–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-021-00684-
Stitt, IPA (2002). The COLREGS – Time for a Rewrite ? 419–430.
Sugiyono. (2019). Quantitative, Qualitative and R & D Research Methods. Bandung: Alphabet.
Suryani, D., Hendrawan, A., & Pramono, S. (2023). Marine Science and Technology Journal Info Articles Abstract . 4 (8), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.31331/maristec.v4i1
Susanto, PC, Pahala, Y., & Setyowati, TM (2021). PIONEER SHIPPING CONNECTIVITY AS PART OF THE LOGISTICS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN SUPPORTING THE SUCCESS OF SEA TOLL ROAD. Journal of Transportation, Logistics, and Aviation , 1 (1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.52909/jtla.v1i1.42
Tkachenko, V., Voloshyna, O., Marukhnenko, ?., Slobodanyuk, M., Zharikov, V., & Yatsenko, S. (2021). Maritime Navigation Systems: Role And Place In The Safety Of Navigation. IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security , 21 (9), 86. https://doi.org/10.22937/IJCSNS.2021.21.9.10
Torskiy, V., Topalov, V. P., & Chesnokova, M. (2016). Conceptual Grounds of Navigation Safety. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation , 10 (1), 79–82. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.10.01.08
U?urlu, Ö., Kaptan, M., Kum, S., & Yildiz, S. (2017). Pilotage services in Turkey; key issues and ideal pilotage. Journal of Marine Engineering and Technology , 16 (2), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2016.1262596
Law 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, Pub. L.No. Law 17 of 2008 (2008).
Van Hung, P., Viet, D. Q., Duc, N. M., & Le, T. D. (2023). Ship routing optimization using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm for safety and efficient navigation. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering , 13 (2), 2309–2315. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp2309-2315
Wawrzyniak, N., Hyla, T., & Popik, A. (2019). Vessel detection and tracking method based on video surveillance. Censors (Switzerland) , 19 (23). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235230
Yoga Bawana Paksi, S., Praptomo, E., Idayanti, S., Keywords, A., & Shipping Lane, D. (nd). Legal Consequences of Captains Who Do Not Comply with Shipping Lane Provisions in the Territorial Area of Indonesia Article . https://doi.org/10.24905/plj.v1i2.23
Yoo, S.L., & Kim, K. Il. (2021). Optimal staffing for vessel traffic service operators: A case study of yeosu vts. Sensors , 21 (23). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21238004
Yoon, H.K., Nguyen, V.M., & Nguyen, T.T. (2018). Development of Solution for Safe Ship Considering Seakeeping PERformance. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation , 12 (3), 517–525. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.03.10
Zagorodnia, Y.V., Pozdniakova, V.V., & ?arukhnenko, O.M. (2021). ??????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????. Transport Development , 1(8) , 62–69. https://doi.org/10.33082/td.2021.1-8.06
Žani? Mikuli?i?, J., Kasum, J., & Jugovi?, A. (2018). Distribution of maritime safety information and improvement measures for safety of navigation. In Nase More (Vol. 65, Issue 3, pp. 164–168). University of Dubronvnik. https://doi.org/10.17818/NM/2018/3.6
Published
2025-04-14
Section
Original Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Budi Mantoro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
