Determinant Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Older Adults in Kelating Village

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) increased in the elderly population due to metabolic changes and decreased function of pancreatic ? cells. This study aims to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly and examine the risk factorssuch as age, gender, blood pressure, and uric acid levelsthat influence the incidence of type 2 DM. This cross-sectional study involved 31 elderly people (?60 years) in Segara Santhi, Kelating Village, Tabanan, who were selected using purposive random sampling. Fasting blood glucose and uric acid levels were checked using Accu-Chek after fasting for at least 8 hours. Data analysis used the Fisher's Exact Test with a significance of p<0.05. The results show prevalence of type 2 DM was 64.5% (20 of 31 respondents). Age and type 2 DM had no significant association (p= 0.262). However, there was a significant association between type 2 DM and gender (p = 0.012) and uric acid levels (p = 0.029), but not with blood pressure (p = 1,000). The prevalence of type 2 DM in the elderly in Segara Santhi is quite high, but age is not the main factor. Other factors such as diet, physical activity, and genetic predisposition may play a greater role. Further studies with larger sample sizes and multivariate analysis are needed to understand the risk factors for type 2 DM in the elderly more specifically.