Gambaran Self-Efficacy Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Tahap Akademik pada Metode Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh
Keywords:
self efficacy, online learning self efficacy, pembelajaran jarak jauh, tahap akademik, mahasiswa kedokteran
Abstract
Self-efficacy adalah keyakinan individu untuk menilai kemampuan diri dalam mengerjakan suatu hal demi mencapai hasil yang diinginkan. Self-efficacy yang dimiliki seorang mahasiswa berdampak pada proses pembelajaran dan performa akademiknya. Self-efficacy dapat dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran, seperti metode pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) yang relatif baru diterapkan oleh mayoritas fakultas kedokteran, khususnya pada tahap akademik, di Indonesia. Self-efficacy pada PJJ disebut online learning self-efficacy (OLSE). Pada PJJ, tingkat OLSE dapat berbeda. Oleh karena itu perlu diketahui gambaran self-efficacy mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran tahap akademik pada metode pembelajaran jarak jau. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Responden 130 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tarumanagara dari lima Angkatan, dipilih menggunakan cluster random sampling. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale (OLSES) yang menilai tiga aspek yaitu aspek pembelajaran, manajemen waktu dan pengunaan teknologi. Peneliti menerjemahkan kuesioner dalam Bahasa Indonesia dengan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha 0.910 dan 20 pernyataan valid dengan r hitung > r tabel (0,361). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata OLSE responden sebesar 94,78(12,40). Rerata OLSE pada aspek pembelajaran sebesar 43,21(5,71), median OLSE pada aspek manajemen waktu yaitu 24(13;30) dan median OLSE pada aspek penggunaan teknologi yaitu 27,79(13;30). Beberapa faktor diidentifikasi berpotensi memengaruhi OLSE seperti performa akademik, persuasi verbal, jenis kelamin dan usia. Dari ketiga aspek, OLSE pada aspek pembelajaran menunjukkan nilai tertinggi dan OLSE pada aspek manajemen waktu yang terendah. Hal ini menunjukkan mahasiswa merasa dirinya mampu mencapai performa akademik yang baik dalam PJJ, namun kurang mampu mengatur waktu.
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References
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Lee, Jung Wan, & Mendlinger, Samuel. (2011). Perceived self-efficacy and its effect on online learning acceptance and student satisfaction. Journal of Service Science and Management, 4(03), 243. Google Scholar
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Moore, Kathleen, Bartkovich, Jeffrey, Fetzner, Marie, & Ison, Sherrill. (2002). Success in Cyberspace: Student Retention in Online Courses. AIR 2002 Forum Paper. Google Scholar
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Naturil-Alfonso, Carmen, Peñaranda, David, Vicente, Jose, & Marco-Jiménez, Francisco. (2018). Procrastination: the poor time management among university students. 4th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAD’18), 1–8. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. Google Scholar
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Puspita, Yesi, Kusumaningputri, Reni, & Supriono, Hari. (2015). Level And Sources Of Self-efficacy In Speaking Skills Of Academic Year 2012/2013 English Department Students Faculty Of Letters, Jember University (Tingkatan dan Sumber Efikasi Diri dalam Kemampuan Berbahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Sastra Inggris Angkatan 2012. Publika Budaya, 3(1), 50–59. Google Scholar
Rayuwati, Rayuwati. (2020). How Educational Technology Innovates Distance Learning During Pandemic Crisis in Remote Areas in Indonesia? International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(6), 161–166. Google Scholar
Richardson, John T. E., & Woodley, Alan. (2003). Another look at the role of age, gender and subject as predictors of academic attainment in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 28(4), 475–493. Google Scholar
Saadé, Raafat George, & Kira, Dennis. (2009). Computer anxiety in e-learning: The effect of computer self-efficacy. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 8(1), 177–191. Google Scholar
Sanders, Diana W., & Morrison-Shetlar, Alison I. (2001). Student attitudes toward web-enhanced instruction in an introductory biology course. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 33(3), 251–262. Google Scholar
Sandra, Kusnul Ika. (2013). Manajemen waktu, efikasi-diri dan prokrastinasi. Persona: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(3). Google Scholar
Schunk, Dale H., & Pajares, Frank. (2004). Self-efficacy in education revisited: Empirical and applied evidence. Big Theories Revisited, 4, 115–138. Google Scholar
Schwarzer, Ralf, Bäßler, Judith, Kwiatek, Patricia, Schröder, Kerstin, & Zhang, Jian Xin. (1997). The assessment of optimistic selfâ€beliefs: comparison of the German, Spanish, and Chinese versions of the general selfâ€efficacy scale. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 69–88. Google Scholar
Stegersâ€Jager, Karen M., Cohenâ€Schotanus, Janke, & Themmen, Axel P. N. (2012). Motivation, learning strategies, participation and medical school performance. Medical Education, 46(7), 678–688. Google Scholar
Taipjutorus, Widchaporn, Hansen, Sally, & Brown, Mark. (2012). Investigating a relationship between learner control and self-efficacy in an online learning environment. Journal of Open, Flexible and Distance Learning, 16(1), 56–69. Google Scholar
Wirajaya, Muhammad Mersandy. (2020). Investigating the academic procrastination of EFL students. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Indonesia, 8(2), 67–77. Google Scholar
Wulantina, Endah, Ikashaum, Fertilia, Mustika, Juitaning, Merliza, Pika, Loviana, Selvi, Rahmawati, Nur Indah, & Andianto, Andianto. (2020). Self-efficacy of mathematics students‟ on e-learning during covid 19 pandemic. PROCEEDING UMSURABAYA. Google Scholar
Xu, Di, & Jaggars, Shanna. (2013). Adaptability to online learning: Differences across types of students and academic subject areas. Google Scholar
Zhang, Jianwei, Li, Fei, Duan, Chongjiang, & Wu, Gengsheng. (2001). Research on self-efficacy of distance learning and its influence to learners’ attainments. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE)/SchoolNet, 1510–1517. Google Scholar
Published
2022-02-21
Section
Original Articles
Copyright (c) 2022 Dhea Asih Wulandari, Yoanita Widjaja
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