Pengaruh Praktik Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi Dengan Mempertimbangkan Faktor Intrinsik Karyawan dan Performa Karyawan Sebagai Variabel Perantara
Keywords:
Praktik Pengembangan SDM, Kinerja Organisasi, Faktor Intrinsik Karyawan, Performa Karyawan
Abstract
Dalam era persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) menjadi kunci utama dalam meningkatkan kinerja organisasi. PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Sumatera Barat menghadapi tantangan keterbatasan rekrutmen karyawan baru sejak tahun 2020, sehingga optimalisasi karyawan existing menjadi strategi prioritas untuk mencapai target kinerja organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis dampak praktik pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) terhadap kinerja organisasi dengan memperhatikan dan mempertimbangkan faktor intrinsik karyawan dan performa karyawan sebagai variabel mediasi di lingkungan PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Sumatera Barat. Populasi pada penelitian ini meliputi seluruh karyawan PT PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Sumatera Barat yang berjumlah 767 orang. Adapun jumlah responden penelitian sebanyak 155 responden yang tersebar dari Unit Layanan Pelanggan, Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Pelanggan dan Unit Induk Distribusi. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis deskripsi faktor menggunakan software SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Praktik Pengembangan SDM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi, Praktik Pengembangan SDM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap performa karyawan, human resource development berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap faktor intrinsik karyawan, faktor intrinsik karyawan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi, performa karyawan berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja organisasi, Faktor intrinsik karyawan tidak memediasi hubungan antara variabel praktik pengembangan SDM dan kinerja organisasi serta performa karyawan dapat memediasi hubungan antara variabel praktik pengembangan SDM dan kinerja organisasi.
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References
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Aropah, Vina D., Sarma, Ma’mun., & Sumertajaya, I Made. 2020. Factors affecting employee performance during work from home. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 13(2), 201–214.
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Hamid, A., & Khajar, I. 2025. Employee performance improvement model through leadership and intrinsic motivation. Indonesian Academy of Public Journal, 2(3), 101–115.
Haryono, Siswoyo. 2014. Mengenal metode structural equation modeling (SEM) untuk penelitian manajemen menggunakan AMOS 18.00. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis STIE YPN, 7(1).
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Hidayat, M., & Latief, F. 2018. The influence of developing human capital management toward company performance (The evidence from developer companies in South Sulawesi Indonesia). SEIKO: Journal of Management & Business, 2(1), 11–30.
Irfan, M., dkk. 2023. Human resource development and organisational performance. South African Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(0), a2020.
Judijanto, L., & Iswanto, J. 2024. Analysis of the impact of HR development policies, work culture, and organizational performance on competitive advantage in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. West Science Press.
Keltu, T. T. 2024. The effect of human resource development practice on employee performance with the mediating role of job satisfaction among Mizan Tepi University’s academic staff in Southwestern Ethiopia. Heliyon, 10(8), e29821.
Kristianto, P. B., Rivai, A., & S. E., S. 2018. The influence of leadership style and organizational climate on employee performance through organizational commitment on Perum Pegadaian Branch East Bekasi. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Kristiyanti, Mariana. 2012. Peran indikator kinerja dalam mengukur kinerja manajemen. Majalah Ilmiah INFORMATIKA, 3(3). Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas AKI.
Laguerre, R., dkk. 2025. Employee intrinsic motivation and HR practices: A self-determination perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 46(2), 201–219.
Lyons, Rebecca. 2016. Strategic human resource development impact on organizational performance: Does SHRD matter?. PhD Thesis. North Dakota State University.
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McLean, Gary N. 2007. Defining international human resource development: A proposal. Xiaohui Wang Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) University, P. R. China.
Mishra, Mridula., & Otoo, Frank Nana Kweku. 2018. Influence of human resource development (HRD) practices on hotel industry’s performance: The role of employee competencies. European Journal of Training and Development, 42(7/8), 435–454.
Mozael, Bassam Mohsin. 2015. Impact of training and development programs on employee performance. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(11), 38–42.
Muchsinati, Evi Silvana., & Jeanny. 2021. Pengaruh training and development, performance appraisal, reward system terhadap employee performance dengan job satisfaction sebagai mediasi pada hotel bintang empat di Batam. Conference on Management, Business, Innovation, Education and Social Science, 1(1), 2178–2190.
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Notoatmodjo, Soekidjo. 1998. Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Nurofi, Achmad. 2014. Meningkatkan perilaku proaktif karyawan melalui peran pimpinan dan sistem kontrol. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Akuntansi Terapan (JIMAT). STIE Totalwin Semarang.
Nusair, Khaldoon., & Hua, Nan. 2010. Comparative assessment of structural equation modeling and multiple regression research methodologies: E-commerce context. Tourism Management, 31(3), 314–322.
Pandya, J. D. 2024. Intrinsic & extrinsic motivation & its impact on organizational performance at Rajkot City: A review. Journal of Management Research and Analysis, 11(1), 46–53.
Pang, Kelvin., & ShanLu, Chin. 2018. Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52.
Panahi, S., Bahmani, A., & Alijani, R. 2023. Development and validation of a modified LibQUAL scale for measuring academic library service quality. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 49(6), 102728.
Park, Jisung., Ok, Chiho., & Ryu, Seongmin. 2023. The two faces of HPWS in employee perceptions and organizational performance. Asia Pacific Management Review.
Putra, A. 2022. Pengaruh sistem human resource development (HRD) terhadap peningkatan kinerja karyawan pada PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk KCP Stabat. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen (JAM), 20(1), 45–56.
Riyandi, Setyo, dkk. 2021. Effect of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance: Mediating role of employee engagement.
Santoso, Singgih. 2010. Statistik Multivariat – Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan SPSS. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Santoso, Singgih. 2011. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan AMOS 18. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Siregar, Zulkifli M. E., Nasution, Ade P., & Supriadi, Yudi Nur. 2023. Structural Equation Modeling: Konsep dan Implementasinya pada Kajian Ilmu Manajemen Menggunakan AMOS. Yogyakarta: Deepublish Digital.
Subhaktiyasa, P. G. 2024. PLS-SEM for multivariate analysis: A practical guide to educational research using SmartPLS. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 4(3), 353–365.
Sugiarti, Endang. 2022. The influence of training, work environment and career development on work motivation that has an impact on employee performance.
Sutaguna, I. Nyoman Tri, dkk. 2023. The effect of competence, work experience, work environment, and work discipline on employee performance. Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 3(1), 367–381.
Supriyadi. 2023. Manajemen & Evaluasi Kinerja Organisasi. Pekalongan: PT Nasya Expanding Management.
Suryani, Ni Kadek., & FoEh, John E. H. J. 2018. Kinerja Organisasi. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Swanson, Richard A. 2022. Foundations of Human Resource Development (Edisi ketiga). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Syahputra, Muhammad Dedi., & Tanjung, Hasrudy. 2020. Pengaruh kompetensi, pelatihan dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Syahputra, M. D., & Tanjung, H. 2022. Pengaruh kompetensi, pelatihan dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja karyawan. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 5(2), 123–134.
Sumarjo, W., Setyowati, A., Haerofiatna, & Haryadi, D. 2023. Work motivation antecedents: The effect of human resources development in improving employee performance. JENIUS, 6(3), 201–214.
Uno, Hamzah B. 2006. Teori Motivasi dan Pengukurannya – Analisis di Bidang Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Uddin, Md Riaj. 2023. Employee relations and its impacts on organisation’s performance.
Zaharuddin, Supriyadi., & Wahyuningsih, Sri. 2021. Gaya Kepemimpinan & Kinerja Organisasi. Pekalongan: PT Nasya Expanding Management.
Akbar, M., Yunus, Muhammad., & Syahribulan. 2022. Pengaruh perilaku kerja dan komitmen organisasi terhadap performa karyawan di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 8(2), 242–258.
Albrecht, Simon L., Bakker, Arnold B., Gruman, Jamie A., Macey, William H., & Saks, Alan M. 2015. Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7–35.
Aman-Ullaha, Attia., Mehmoodb, Waqas., Aminc, Saqib., & Abbas, Yasir Abdullah. 2022. Human capital and organizational performance: A moderation study through innovative leadership. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7, 1–9.
Amin, S. 2025. A case study of foreign companies in Indonesia. Management Science Journal, 13(1), 45–57.
Aropah, Vina D., Sarma, Ma’mun., & Sumertajaya, I Made. 2020. Factors affecting employee performance during work from home. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 13(2), 201–214.
Bahri, Syaiful., & Nisa, Yuni Chairatun. 2017. Pengaruh pengembangan karir dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen & Bisnis, 18(1), 9–15.
Cemosa, Cindi., & Soelaiman, Lydiawati. 2020. Pengaruh kreativitas, proaktif dan otonomi terhadap kinerja usaha makanan dan minuman. Jurnal Manajerial dan Kewirausahaan, 2(4), 889–896.
Cullen, Kristin L., Edwards, Bryan D., Casper, Wm. Camron., & Gue, Kevin R. 2014. Employees' adaptability and perceptions of change-related uncertainty: Implications for perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, and performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(2), 269–280.
Deci, Edward L., & Ryan, Richard M. 2000. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.
Diamantidis, Anastasios D., & Chatzoglou, Prodromos. 2018. Factors affecting employee performance: An empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(1), 171–193.
Gasmadia, G., Firman, A., & Hamzah, M. 2022. The influence of leadership, work motivation, organizational culture and school climate on the performance of public elementary school teachers in Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency. Journal of Business & Entrepreneurship, 11(2), 188–195.
Giday, Dagnew Gebrehiwot., & Giday, Elantheraiyan P. 2023. A study on the effect of training on employee performance in the case of Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8, 100567.
Hair, Joseph F., Hult, G. Tomas M., Ringle, Christian M., & Sarstedt, Marko. 2017. A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Hair, Joseph F., Hult, G. Tomas M., Ringle, Christian M., Sarstedt, Marko., Danks, Nicholas P., & Ray, Soumya. 2021. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Hakim, Lukman, Sabil, Amin Setio Lestiningsih, Dwiyatmoko Puji Widodo, Sugiyah, & Devy Sofyanty. 2025. The impact of HR development and organizational roles on employee performance via engagement in MSMEs Indonesia. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 6(4), 2734–2747.
Hamid, A., & Khajar, I. 2025. Employee performance improvement model through leadership and intrinsic motivation. Indonesian Academy of Public Journal, 2(3), 101–115.
Haryono, Siswoyo. 2014. Mengenal metode structural equation modeling (SEM) untuk penelitian manajemen menggunakan AMOS 18.00. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis STIE YPN, 7(1).
Harris, C. M., & Brown, L. W. 2021. Everyone must help: Performance implications of CEO and top management team human capital and corporate political activity. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 8(2), 190–207.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. 2015. A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Hidayat, M., & Latief, F. 2018. The influence of developing human capital management toward company performance (The evidence from developer companies in South Sulawesi Indonesia). SEIKO: Journal of Management & Business, 2(1), 11–30.
Irfan, M., dkk. 2023. Human resource development and organisational performance. South African Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(0), a2020.
Judijanto, L., & Iswanto, J. 2024. Analysis of the impact of HR development policies, work culture, and organizational performance on competitive advantage in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. West Science Press.
Keltu, T. T. 2024. The effect of human resource development practice on employee performance with the mediating role of job satisfaction among Mizan Tepi University’s academic staff in Southwestern Ethiopia. Heliyon, 10(8), e29821.
Kristianto, P. B., Rivai, A., & S. E., S. 2018. The influence of leadership style and organizational climate on employee performance through organizational commitment on Perum Pegadaian Branch East Bekasi. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Kristiyanti, Mariana. 2012. Peran indikator kinerja dalam mengukur kinerja manajemen. Majalah Ilmiah INFORMATIKA, 3(3). Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas AKI.
Laguerre, R., dkk. 2025. Employee intrinsic motivation and HR practices: A self-determination perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 46(2), 201–219.
Lyons, Rebecca. 2016. Strategic human resource development impact on organizational performance: Does SHRD matter?. PhD Thesis. North Dakota State University.
McKinsey & Company. 2023. The State of Organizations 2023. New York: McKinsey & Company.
McLean, Gary N. 2007. Defining international human resource development: A proposal. Xiaohui Wang Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) University, P. R. China.
Mishra, Mridula., & Otoo, Frank Nana Kweku. 2018. Influence of human resource development (HRD) practices on hotel industry’s performance: The role of employee competencies. European Journal of Training and Development, 42(7/8), 435–454.
Mozael, Bassam Mohsin. 2015. Impact of training and development programs on employee performance. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(11), 38–42.
Muchsinati, Evi Silvana., & Jeanny. 2021. Pengaruh training and development, performance appraisal, reward system terhadap employee performance dengan job satisfaction sebagai mediasi pada hotel bintang empat di Batam. Conference on Management, Business, Innovation, Education and Social Science, 1(1), 2178–2190.
Nabi, M. N., Miah, M. S., & Hossain, M. S. 2025. Navigating the training satisfaction effects on organizational performance: Examining multiple mediating paths with PLS-SEM and IPMA. ResearchGate.
Notoatmodjo, Soekidjo. 1998. Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Nurofi, Achmad. 2014. Meningkatkan perilaku proaktif karyawan melalui peran pimpinan dan sistem kontrol. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Akuntansi Terapan (JIMAT). STIE Totalwin Semarang.
Nusair, Khaldoon., & Hua, Nan. 2010. Comparative assessment of structural equation modeling and multiple regression research methodologies: E-commerce context. Tourism Management, 31(3), 314–322.
Pandya, J. D. 2024. Intrinsic & extrinsic motivation & its impact on organizational performance at Rajkot City: A review. Journal of Management Research and Analysis, 11(1), 46–53.
Pang, Kelvin., & ShanLu, Chin. 2018. Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52.
Panahi, S., Bahmani, A., & Alijani, R. 2023. Development and validation of a modified LibQUAL scale for measuring academic library service quality. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 49(6), 102728.
Park, Jisung., Ok, Chiho., & Ryu, Seongmin. 2023. The two faces of HPWS in employee perceptions and organizational performance. Asia Pacific Management Review.
Putra, A. 2022. Pengaruh sistem human resource development (HRD) terhadap peningkatan kinerja karyawan pada PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk KCP Stabat. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen (JAM), 20(1), 45–56.
Riyandi, Setyo, dkk. 2021. Effect of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance: Mediating role of employee engagement.
Santoso, Singgih. 2010. Statistik Multivariat – Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan SPSS. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Santoso, Singgih. 2011. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan AMOS 18. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Siregar, Zulkifli M. E., Nasution, Ade P., & Supriadi, Yudi Nur. 2023. Structural Equation Modeling: Konsep dan Implementasinya pada Kajian Ilmu Manajemen Menggunakan AMOS. Yogyakarta: Deepublish Digital.
Subhaktiyasa, P. G. 2024. PLS-SEM for multivariate analysis: A practical guide to educational research using SmartPLS. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 4(3), 353–365.
Sugiarti, Endang. 2022. The influence of training, work environment and career development on work motivation that has an impact on employee performance.
Sutaguna, I. Nyoman Tri, dkk. 2023. The effect of competence, work experience, work environment, and work discipline on employee performance. Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 3(1), 367–381.
Supriyadi. 2023. Manajemen & Evaluasi Kinerja Organisasi. Pekalongan: PT Nasya Expanding Management.
Suryani, Ni Kadek., & FoEh, John E. H. J. 2018. Kinerja Organisasi. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Swanson, Richard A. 2022. Foundations of Human Resource Development (Edisi ketiga). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Syahputra, Muhammad Dedi., & Tanjung, Hasrudy. 2020. Pengaruh kompetensi, pelatihan dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Syahputra, M. D., & Tanjung, H. 2022. Pengaruh kompetensi, pelatihan dan pengembangan karir terhadap kinerja karyawan. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 5(2), 123–134.
Sumarjo, W., Setyowati, A., Haerofiatna, & Haryadi, D. 2023. Work motivation antecedents: The effect of human resources development in improving employee performance. JENIUS, 6(3), 201–214.
Uno, Hamzah B. 2006. Teori Motivasi dan Pengukurannya – Analisis di Bidang Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Uddin, Md Riaj. 2023. Employee relations and its impacts on organisation’s performance.
Zaharuddin, Supriyadi., & Wahyuningsih, Sri. 2021. Gaya Kepemimpinan & Kinerja Organisasi. Pekalongan: PT Nasya Expanding Management.
Published
2025-10-21
Section
Original Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Tania Rama Nofri, Henmaidi Henmaidi, Alexie Herryandie Bronto Adi
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