Literature Review: Pemanfaatan Chatbot Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan Dalam Mendukung Kesehatan Mental
Abstract
Pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan telah dirasakan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk bidang kesehatan mental. Salah satu inovasi yang menarik perhatian adalah penggunaan Chatbot Ketimpangan akses layanan kesehatan mental global dan stigma sosial mendorong pencarian solusi inovatif. Pemanfaatan chatbot berbasis kecerdasan buatan (AI) menawarkan pendekatan yang mudah diakses, praktis, dan hemat biaya untuk mendukung kesejahteraan mental. Tujuan: Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas, durasi interaksi optimal, serta kelebihan dan kekurangan chatbot AI sebagai intervensi kesehatan mental. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review sistematis naratif. P encarian dilakukan di database PubMed (2014-2024) dengan kata kunci terkait AI chatbot dan intervensi kesehatan mental digital. Delapan artikel penelitian empiris (terutama Randomized Controlled Trial atau RCT) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis secara kritis. Hasil: Chatbot (seperti XiaoE, Minder, MISHA, dan Vitalk) terbukti efektif secara signifikan dalam mengurangi gejala depresi, kecemasan, dan stres pada populasi tertentu seperti mahasiswa, tenaga kesehatan, dan individu dengan kondisikronis. Durasi interaksi yang lebih panjang (misalnya 8 minggu pada Vitalk) cenderung memberikan efek yang lebih signifikan. Kelebihan utamanya meliputi aksesibilitas 24/7, personalisasi, dan lingkungan yang tidak menghakimi. Namun, keterbatasan seperti empati yang terbatas, potensi respons yang tidak kontekstual, serta isu privasi dan etika tetap menjadi tantangan. Kesimpulan: Chatbot AI merupakan alat pelengkap (komplementer) yang berpotensi besar untuk mendukung kesehatan mental, khususnya dalam pencegahan dan intervensi dini. Rekomendasi untuk penelitian ke depan mencakup pengembangan chatbot yang lebih responsif secara emosional, studi longitudinal untuk melihat efek jangka panjang, serta penyusunan regulasi dan panduan etika yang jelas.Downloads
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