Optimasi Penjadwalan Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Keterlambatan Proyek Pada Fase Detailed Engineering Design di Konsultan Teknik Bidang Minyak Bumi dan Gas
Abstract
Keterlambatan pada fase Detailed Engineering Design (DED) merupakan salah satu permasalahan kritis dalam proyek minyak dan gas karena berdampak langsung pada keterlambatan atau kesalahan pengadaan dan konstruksi. Data dari periode 2023–2025 pada Engineering Consultant X, yang bertindak sebagai subkonsultan dalam tiga proyek DED bangunan lepas pantai, menunjukkan perlunya rebaseline jadwal akibat keterlambatan. Kondisi tersebut dipicu oleh ketidakseimbangan beban kerja antar departemen, seperti yang terlihat pada variasi jumlah dokumen yang ditangani per personel, dari 3 hingga 14 dokumen, sehingga meningkatkan risiko keterlambatan proyek dan potensi denda. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan penjadwalan proyek DED guna meminimalisir risiko keterlambatan tanpa menimbulkan kerugian finansial bagi perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pemodelan jaringan kerja menggunakan PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) berdasarkan data aktual dari tiga proyek sebelumnya, CPM (Critical Path Method), serta analisis risiko keterlambatan melalui simulasi Monte Carlo, dengan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan sumber daya perusahaan dan mendorong redistribusi beban kerja yang lebih seimbang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa durasi proyek optimal yang diperoleh adalah 336 hari kalender atau 241 hari kerja dengan total kebutuhan 208 personel. Aktivitas yang paling kritis terhadap durasi proyek adalah Technical Bid Evaluation for Jacket Main Structure, Project Engineering Close Out Report, dan Material Take Off for Substructures Appurtenances – Client Review. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah tersedianya model penjadwalan yang lebih realistis dan tahan risiko untuk fase DED pada proyek lepas pantai.
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