Kajian Literatur: Atensi Individu terhadap Elemen Interior
Abstract
Desain interior memegang peranan penting bagi individu di dalamnya, baik dalam membentuk pengalaman maupun respon kognitif individu tersebut di dalam sebuah ruang. Proses kognitif individu terhadap elemen interior di dalam ruangan diawali dengan proses atensi, dimana elemen interior yang dapat diraba indera individu merupakan stimulus bagi proses atensi tersebut. Proses atensi ini menjadi proses awal dalam menentukan respon individu selanjutnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan hubungan antara elemen interior dengan atensi individu dan faktor apa saja dari elemen interior yang mempengaruhi atensi tersbut. Pendekatan metode yang diterapkan merupakan tinjauan literatur sistematis (systematic literature review), dimana dengan mengkaji penelitian-penelitian terdahulu dan menarik kesimpulan secara objektif dan transparan. Penelitian mengenai atensi individu dimulai dengan penggunaan metode penelitian kuantitatif atau campuran dengan teknik pengambilan data eye-tracking test untuk mengidentifikasikan area mana yang mendapatkan atensi individu. Selain itu, pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara dapat memperdalam maksud responden dalam penelitian atensi terhadap elemen interior. Hasil sintetis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa elemen interior berperan dalam penentuan atensi individu secara signifikan. Contohnya, elemen dinding yang selevel penglihatan, penggunaan material yang dipakai, hingga dekorasi dan tanaman. Selain itu, ada keterkaitan dengan elemen desain di dalam elemen interior tersebut yang mempengaruhi atensi individu. Mulai dari penggunaan warna, bentuk, garis, form, ruangan, hingga cahaya, dapat mempengaruhi arah atensi individu di dalamnya. Kajian ini diharapkan memberikan informasi kepada khalayak umum, desainer, praktisi, dan dalam dunia penelitian mengenai faktor elemen desain interior apa saja yang mempengaruhi atensi individu dan bagaimana pengalaman individu di dalamnya.
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