Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia p�ISSN:
2541-0849 e-ISSN: 2548-1398
Vol. 7, No. 12, Desember 2022
APPLICATION OF "HATI" (REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH) VIDEO TO INCREASE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN
PROSPECTIVE BRIDE AND GROOM
Indah Dewi Ridawati, Kiki Sulaningsi
Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang, Indonesia
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
The Maternal Mortality Rate in Musi Rawas has increased. This is still a serious problem because the
initial rate of the strategic plan (in 2010) was 102 per 100,000 live births
and the final rate during the strategic plan period (2015) was 169 per 100,000
live births.
The purpose
of the study was to determine the effect of the HATI video
on reproductive health knowledge and attitudes in prospective brides. This
research is a quasi-experimental research with pre-post without a control
group. The sample used is an accidental sampling of as many as 60 people. The Wilcoxon test showed that there was a difference in the value of reproductive
health knowledge and attitude (p=0.000). The
conclusion there was a
significant increase in reproductive health knowledge and attitudes before and
after being given the video. Suggestions to KUA to be able to use the 'HATI' video as a method of promoting reproductive
health.
Keywords: Videos, Reproduction Health, Knowledge, Attitude.
Introduction
The number of maternal deaths
collected from family health program records at the Ministry of Health
increases every year. In 2021 there were 7,389 deaths in Indonesia. This number
shows an increase compared to 2020 of 4,627 deaths (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2021). The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in
Musi Rawas Regency has increased. This is still a serious problem because
between the initial rate of the strategic plan (in 2010) it was 102 per 100,000
live births and the final rate during the strategic plan period (2015) was 169
per 100,000 births live. Not only has the maternal mortality
rate increased, but the infant mortality rate in Musi Rawas Regency is also the
first highest in South Sumatra Province at 70 cases (South Sumatra Provincial Health Office, 2021).
The causes of maternal and neonatal
death come from direct and indirect causes, all of which require effective
interventions to improve survival and health, including reproductive, maternal, and neonatal health services (WHO, 2019). The cause of the high number of cases
of death is also due to program management that has been implemented according
to a good management system, including the implementation of Maternal Perinatal audits, so that all maternal and
neonatal deaths can be tracked and the recording and reporting system is
already running well (Ryan et al., 2021). Several other causes of death are due
to early detection of risk factors by health workers who are not careful,
handling of childbirth that is �inadequate / not according to
procedures (not assisted by competent personnel), a referral system that is not
in accordance with manual referral
network procedures, limited maternal health services including personnel and facilities,
private involvement is not optimal, and community empowerment is not optimal:
gender inequality, preparation for childbirth and in dealing with emergency
conditions (independently) at the village level (Erfina et al., 2022).
One of the priorities that will still
be carried out to reduce the number of maternal deaths is to increase the
participation of women, families, and communities in increasing knowledge about danger signs, preventing
delays and providing MCH books; readiness of families and communities in
dealing with childbirth and emergencies; prevention 4 too; provision and
utilization of maternal and infant health services (Indrio et al., 2022). Knowledge about reproductive health
will be better if given when couples of childbearing age are about to get
married, namely when the bride and groom receive pre-marital course guidance at
the KUA (Religious Affairs Office).
Based on a preliminary study at the
KUA of Tugumulyo District that the KUA of Tugumulyo District has carried out
pre-marital course guidance to prospective brides since before the issuance of
instructions from the Director General of Islamic Community Guidance (BIMAS) of
the Ministry of Religion No. 373 of 2017. These instructions contain every man
and woman .
Those who are
going to get married must follow marriage guidance or pre-marriage courses
organized by the Ministry of Religion. The guidance materials for pre-marital
courses include marriage and religion law,
provisions in
the marriage that
aim to enhance the quality of marriage by creating a sakinah family.
In 2015 the Ministry of Health through
the Directorate General of Nutrition and Maternal and Child Health launched a
national guideline on the Implementation Guidelines for Information
Communication and Education on Sexual and Reproductive Health for Bride and
Groom (Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2015). The Musi Rawas District
Health Office has provided reproductive health knowledge to prospective brides
at KUA Tugumulyo District through counseling and providing material in the form
of books. However, the use of video as a medium for promoting reproductive
health to prospective brides and grooms has never been done.
More than 31.6% of respondents have low
knowledge of premarital reproductive health and mentioned the low knowledge of the
bride and groom (70%) and unsupportive attitudes related to reproductive health
(30%) (Susanti et al., 2018). There is an influence of
reproductive health education on the knowledge of the prospective bride and
groom at the KUA
(Nugraheni et al., 2020), and there is an effectiveness between the
media and knowledge of reproductive health for prospective brides who were
given reproductive health education through cellular had a significant increase
in knowledge (Mayasari et al., 2020).
Video is an audiovisual media that
contains moving images accompanied by sound. The ability of video to depict
live images and sound gives its own charm. Video presents information,
describes processes, explains complex concepts, teaches skills, shortens or
lengthens time, and influences attitudes. This media can increase the interest
of the bride and groom in learning because the bride and groom can listen as well
as see the picture.
Research Methods
The research used is quantitative research with
quasi-experimental method. This method was chosen with the consideration that
researchers wanted to see differences in knowledge and attitudes before and
after getting the "HATI" video. Researchers want to compare the
effect of the video "HATI" on knowledge and attitudes of reproductive
health. The research design used was pretest posttest without control group
design. Changes that were observed/measured were the
values of knowledge and attitudes on reproductive health before
and after being given the "HATI" video. The research location is the
KUA of Tugumulyo District, Musi
Rawas Regency and the bride's house registered at the
KUA of Tugumulyo District, Musi
Rawas Regency. The number of samples taken was 60 people
who were taken for 5 months. Inclusion criteria: willing to participate in the
activity from beginning to end, willing to sign an informed consent form, able
to communicate well, have good hearing and have a mobile phone. Exclusion
criteria: respondents did not watch videos for 4 weeks. The sampling technique
used is accidental sampling. The type of data used is primary data using
questionnaires and check lists. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test with an
error rate of 0.05. Where p value > 0.05 then Ho is accepted or Ha is
rejected, meaning that there is no relationship between the "HATI"
video with knowledge and attitudes of reproductive health. And p value
<0.05, then Ho is rejected or Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a
relationship between the "HATI" video with knowledge and attitudes of
reproductive health.
Results and Discussion
A. Results
1. Characteristics of
Respondents
Table 1.
Frequency Distribution of Respondents
|
Variable |
Frequency |
% |
Max |
Min |
Mean |
|
|
Age |
Male |
30 |
50 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Female |
30 |
50 |
||||
|
Gender |
17-25 years old |
35 |
58.3 |
40 years old |
16 years old |
26 years old |
|
26-35 years old |
23 |
38.3 |
||||
|
36-45 years old |
2 |
3.3 |
||||
|
Education |
Primary School |
3 |
5 |
Primary School |
Bachelor |
Senior High School |
|
Junior High School |
18 |
30 |
||||
|
Senior High School |
27 |
45 |
||||
|
College |
12 |
20 |
||||
|
Profession |
Unemployment |
11 |
18.3 |
Unem ploy ment |
Employee |
Entrepreneur |
|
Entrepreneur |
33 |
55.0 |
||||
|
Employee |
16 |
26.7 |
||||
Source: Primary Data, 2022
The results of the study in the table explain that
the average age is 26 years, the youngest age is 16 years and the maximum age
is 40 years. The largest age group is 17-25 years, namely 35 people (58.3%).
The 17-25 year age group includes late teens. The age group of 36-45 years is
the final adult age group of 2 people (3.3%). The group of early adults (26-35
years) occupied the second position as many as 23 people (38.3%). The results
of the study in the table explained that the number of men and women were 30
men (50%) and 30 women (50%). The results of the study in the table are
explained that most of the respondents have high school education as many as 27
people (45%) and a small proportion of respondents have elementary education as
many as 3 people (5%). people (20%). The results of the study in the table are
explained that the majority of respondents work as entrepreneurs as many as 33
people (55%) and a small proportion of respondents do not work as many as 11
people (18.3%). Respondents with the category of working as
employees as many as 16 people (26.7%).
2.
Knowledge
Level Distribution
Table 2.
Distribution of Respondents' Knowledge Level
|
Knowledge
Level |
N |
% |
Max |
Min |
Mean |
Med |
Mod |
Std. Dev. |
Var. |
|
PreTest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Low |
6 |
8 |
95 |
40 |
67 |
65 |
60 |
11 |
119 |
|
Enough |
45 |
60 |
|||||||
|
Well |
9 |
12 |
|||||||
|
Post Test
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Low |
3 |
4 |
90 |
45 |
73 |
73 |
70 |
9 |
55 |
|
Enough |
39 |
52 |
|||||||
|
Well |
18 |
24 |
|||||||
|
Post Test
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Enough |
7 |
9,3 |
100 |
65 |
89 |
90 |
90 |
7 |
55 |
|
Well |
53 |
70,7 |
Source: Primary Data, 2022
Based on the table above, the general picture before being given the
"HATI"
video, most of the respondents had sufficient knowledge, namely 45 people
(60%). A small proportion of respondents have good knowledge as many as 9
people (12%) and 6 people (8%) have low knowledge. The highest knowledge value
is 95, the lowest knowledge value is 40, the average knowledge value of the
respondents is 67, the median value is 65, the value that appears the most is
60, the standard deviation is 11 and the variance of the knowledge value before
being given the "HATI" video is 119.
Based on the table above, the general picture on the first day
immediately after the "HATI" video was given, most of the respondents
had sufficient knowledge of 39 people (52%). A small proportion of respondents
have good knowledge as many as 18 people (24%) and 3 people (4%) have low
knowledge. The highest knowledge value is 90, the lowest knowledge value is 45,
the average knowledge value of the respondents is 73, the median value is 73,
the value that appears the most is 70, the standard deviation is 9 and the
variance of the knowledge value immediately after being given the
"HATI"� video is 55.
Based on the table above, the general picture in the 4th week after being
given the "HATI"
video, most of the respondents had good knowledge as many as 53 people (70.7%).
A small proportion of respondents have sufficient knowledge as many as 7 people
(9.3%). The highest knowledge value is 100, the lowest knowledge value is 65,
the average knowledge value of the respondents is 89, the median value is 90,
the most frequent value is 90, the standard deviation is 7 and the knowledge
value variance is 55.
Based on Table, it can
be concluded that there was an increase in respondents' knowledge before being
given the "HATI" video, immediately after being given the "HATI" video and 4 weeks after being
given the "HATI" video. If it is seen from the respondents with good knowledge before
being given the "HATI" video, there were 9 people, immediately after being given the "HATI" video it rose to 18 people and
increased again to 53 people in the 4th week after being given the "HATI"video. If you pay attention,
there is a decrease in the number of respondents in the low level of knowledge
category, starting from 6 people down to 3 people and there are no respondents
in the low category four weeks after being given the "HATI" video.
3. Distribution of Respondents' Attitudes
Table 3.
Distribution
of Respondents' Attitudes
|
Respondents'
Attitudes |
N |
% |
Max |
Min |
Mean |
Med |
Mod |
Std. Dev. |
Var. |
|
PreTest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Positive |
33 |
44 |
10 |
3 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
2 |
5 |
|
Negative |
27 |
36 |
|||||||
|
Post Test
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Positive |
42 |
56 |
10 |
4 |
8 |
9 |
8 |
2 |
3 |
|
Negative |
18 |
24 |
|||||||
|
Post Test
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Positive |
48 |
64 |
10 |
6 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
1 |
1 |
|
Negative |
12 |
16 |
Source: Primary
Data, 2022
Based on table 3 above, the number of respondents
who have a positive attitude is 33 people (44%) and respondents who have a
negative attitude are 27 people (36%) before being given the "HATI"
video. The attitude of the respondents immediately after being given the
"HATI" video had more positive attitudes than negative attitudes. A
total of 42 people (56%) had a positive attitude and 18 people (24%) had a
negative attitude. Based on table 11, information is obtained in the 4th week after
being given the "HATI" video, most of the respondents' attitudes were
positive, namely 48 people (64%) and a small number of respondents as many as
12 people (16%) were negative.
Most of the respondents had a positive attitude
towards their health both before being given the "HATI" video,
immediately after being given the "HATI" video and four weeks after
being given the "HATI" video. There is a change in the increase in
the number of respondents who have a positive attitude. Before being given the
video "HATI" the number of respondents with a positive attitude was
33 people (44%) then increased to 42 people (56%) immediately after being given
the video "HATI" and increased again to 48 people (64%) four weeks
after being given the video "HATI". Respondents who have a negative
attitude have decreased starting from 27 people (36%) to 18 people (24%) and
finally to 12 people (16%).
4. The Effect of "HATI" Video on
Respondents' Knowledge
The analysis used in this study is the
Wilcoxon test with the aim of finding out about the effect of the
"HATI" video on the knowledge of respondents to prospective brides at
the KUA (Religious Affairs Office) Tugumulyo District
in 2022. The conditions for the Wilcoxon test are the data is not normally
distributed. The results of the normality test using the Kolmorgov-Smirnov
Test were not normally distributed, so it was continued with the Wilcoxon test.
Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, it shows that the
p Value <0.05 means that there is an effect of the "HATI" video on
respondents' knowledge on the first day after being given the "HATI"
video and 4 weeks after being given the "HATI" video. "HATI" to the respondent's knowledge. Based on test results shows that there is an effect of
"HATI" Video on Respondents' Attitudes. This can be seen
through the following table.
Table 4
The Effect
of "HEART" Video on Respondents' Knowledge and Attitudes
|
Variabel |
p Value |
|||
|
PreTest-Post Test 1 |
Post Test 1-Post Test 2 |
PreTest-Post Test 2 |
||
|
Knowledge |
0,000 |
0,000 |
0,000 |
|
|
Attitudes |
0,001 |
0,000 |
0,000 |
|
Source:
Primary Data, 2022
The results of
the Wilcoxon test analysis above are known to have a p value of (p < 0.05),
this indicates that Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a significant
difference after being given the "HATI" video. From the table above,
it can also be concluded that the "HATI" video is effective in
increasing knowledge and attitudes of reproductive health in prospective brides
at KUA Tugumulyo, Musi Rawas Regency in 2022.
B. Discussion
1. Changes In Reproductive Health Knowledge
Before And After Giving Videos "HEART" To The Bride And Groom
Problems that often arise regarding
reproductive health for women are the lack of support in the process of
pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and the selection of contraceptives (Palinggi et al., 2021). Health education using the
"HATI" video is one of the efforts to support women's reproductive
health. In the video "HATI" the bride and groom get knowledge about
reproductive health. The bride and groom in question here are not only women
but also their male partners. The results of the study on 60 prospective brides
who were registered at KUA Tugumulyo Musi Rawas before and after the
intervention, most of the respondents had good knowledge. This is in line with
research that most of the bride and groom are knowledgeable about reproductive
health both before and after the intervention (Pebrianti & Fajriah, 2022).
The level of knowledge of the prospective
bride and groom at KUA Tugumulyo Musi
Rawasse increased after being given the video
"HATI". The highest knowledge value after the intervention was 100
and there were no respondents with low knowledge after four weeks of being
given the "HATI" video. In the Wilcoxon test data analysis, it was
found that the p value of 0.000 (p <0.05) indicated that there was a
difference in knowledge after being given the "HATI" video. This is
in line with research that health education can increase respondents' knowledge
(Nugraheni et al., 2020).
Every individual needs to know about
sexuality and reproductive issues during the pre-marital period, so that
reproductive health education is important for prospective brides and grooms to
provide. Technology-based education is an innovative pathway for providing
health information (Mayasari et al., 2020). Providing accurate, comprehensive and
up-to-date sexual health education materials can help increase awareness of
risky sexual behavior and improve sexual and reproductive health outcomes (Kaimal & Norton, 2021). Influenced by the
accuracy of media selection. The use of electronic media such as video
is a good step because it attracts readers to understand reproductive health (Indah & Desmiwarti, 2019).
2. Changes
In Attitudes To Reproductive Health Before And After Giving The
"HATI" Video
The results of
the study on 60 prospective brides who were registered at the KUA Tugumulyo Musi Rawas before and after the intervention, most of the
respondents were positive. This is in line with research that most brides and
grooms are positive about reproductive health both before and after the
intervention (Susanti et al., 2018). The attitude
of the bride and groom at KUA Tugumulyo Musi Rawas increased after being
given the video "HATI". The highest attitude value after the
intervention was 100 and there were no respondents with low knowledge after
four weeks of being given the "HATI" video. In the Wilcoxon test data
analysis, it was found that the p value of 0.000 (p <0.05) indicated that
there was a difference in knowledge after being given the "HATI"
video. This is in line with research by (Sya�diyah et al., 2020) that health
education can increase respondents' knowledge.
Conclusion
Based on the
results of the discussion described previously, research conducted on
prospective brides at the KUA, Tugumulyo District, Musi Rawas Regency, it can
be concluded as follows: 1) There is a significant difference in knowledge and
attitudes of reproductive health before and after being given the
"HATI" video. 2) Most of the respondents are 17-25 years old, work as
entrepreneurs and have a high school education. 3) The average knowledge of
prospective brides at the KUA of Tugumulyo District regarding reproductive
health before being given the "HATI" video was 67 then to 73
immediately after being given the "HATI" video and rose to 89 four
weeks after being given the "HATI" video. 4) The average
attitude of the bride and groom in the KUA of Tugumulyo District regarding
reproductive health before being given the "HATI" video was 8 then it
remained 8 immediately after being given the "HATI" video and rose to
9 four weeks after being given the "HATI" video.
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|
Copyright holder: Indah Dewi
Ridawati, Kiki Sulaningsi
(2022) |
|
First publication right: Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia |
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