Sekuritisasi Migrasi: Tinjauan Gabungan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dan Analisis Bibliometrik
Abstract
Sekuritisasi migrasi telah menjadi isu penting dalam kajian migrasi global karena migrasi semakin dipandang sebagai ancaman terhadap keamanan negara, stabilitas sosial, dan kontrol perbatasan. Fenomena ini mendorong berkembangnya berbagai kebijakan restriktif yang berdampak pada hak asasi manusia dan tata kelola migrasi internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan kajian sekuritisasi migrasi, mengidentifikasi distribusi penelitian, serta mengevaluasi implikasi teoritis dan praktis untuk arah penelitian di masa depan. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan bibliometrik berbasis kerangka PRISMA dan perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Data diperoleh dari basis data Scopus menggunakan kata kunci “Securitization of Migration” pada publikasi tahun 1998–2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kajian sekuritisasi migrasi mengalami peningkatan signifikan sejak tahun 2013, meskipun jumlah publikasi masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian didominasi oleh negara-negara Barat seperti Inggris dan Amerika Serikat dengan tema utama meliputi migration, security, immigration policy, refugee, dan human rights. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa sekuritisasi migrasi cenderung memperkuat pendekatan keamanan negara dibanding keamanan manusia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sekuritisasi migrasi tetap menjadi topik penting dalam kajian global dan memerlukan pendekatan yang lebih inklusif, etis, serta berbasis hak asasi manusia dalam tata kelola migrasi di masa depan.
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