Hubungan Dukungan Emosional Pasangan dengan Marital Loneliness Pada Perempuan Muslim: Kajian Psikologi dan Psikoterapi Islam
Abstract
Pernikahan dalam Islam bertujuan mewujudkan ketenangan batin (sakinah), cinta (mawaddah), dan kasih sayang (rahmah). Namun, dalam praktiknya sebagian perempuan Muslim tetap mengalami kesepian emosional meskipun pernikahan masih berlangsung secara formal. Kondisi ini dikenal sebagai marital loneliness, yaitu kesepian yang muncul akibat rendahnya keterhubungan emosional dalam hubungan pernikahan. Salah satu faktor yang diduga berperan penting dalam kondisi tersebut adalah dukungan emosional dari pasangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara dukungan emosional pasangan dan marital loneliness pada perempuan Muslim serta memaknai temuan empiris dalam perspektif psikologi dan psikoterapi Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 106 perempuan Muslim yang telah menikah dan dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert lima poin, kemudian dianalisis dengan uji validitas item–total, reliabilitas Cronbach’s alpha, dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh item instrumen valid (r ≥ 0,30) dengan reliabilitas sangat tinggi (α = 0,968 untuk dukungan emosional pasangan dan α = 0,981 untuk marital loneliness). Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang sangat kuat dan signifikan antara dukungan emosional pasangan dan marital loneliness (r = −0,821; p < 0,001). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi dukungan emosional pasangan, semakin rendah tingkat kesepian emosional dalam pernikahan. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan dukungan emosional pasangan sebagai dasar pengembangan intervensi konseling pernikahan dan psikoterapi Islam guna mewujudkan keluarga yang lebih sakinah.
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